Tsawon tsaunuka

Tsawon tsaunuka
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	landform (en) , yankin taswira, natural geographic object (en) da elevation (en)
Bangare na	non-geologically related mountain range (en)

Namcha Barwa Himal, gabashin yankin Himalayas kamar yadda Apollo 9 ya gani daga sararin samaniya

Jerin tsaunuka ko tsaunuka jerin duwatsu ne ko tuddai da aka shirya a layi kuma aka haɗa su da manyan wurare. Tsarin dutse ko bel ɗin dutse rukuni ne na jerin tsaunuka masu kama da juna a tsari, tsari, da daidaitawa waɗanda suka samo asali daga dalili ɗaya, yawanci orogeny . Ana samar da jeji na tsaunuka ta hanyar hanyoyin nazarin ƙasa iri-iri, amma yawancin muhimman abubuwan da ke Duniya sakamakon faranti tectonics ne. Ana kuma samun jeri-jeri na tsaunuka a kan abubuwa da yawa na duniya a cikin Tsarin Rana kuma wataƙila suna cikin siffa ta yawancin duniyoyin duniya.

Yawancin lokaci ana raba tsaunukan ta hanyar tsaunuka ko kuma kwaruruka . Duwatsu daban-daban da ke cikin tsaunuka iri ɗaya ba lallai ne su kasance suna da tsarin ƙasa ɗaya ko kuma nazarin man fetur iri ɗaya ba. Suna iya zama gauraye na yanayin yanayi daban-daban da kuma yanayin ƙasa, misali zanen gado, tubalan da aka ɗaga, tsaunuka masu lanƙwasa, da kuma yanayin ƙasa mai aman wuta wanda ke haifar da nau'ikan duwatsu iri-iri.

Manyan jeri

Tekun Teku, tsauni mafi tsayi a duniya (sarkar)

Yawancin ƙananan tsaunukan tsaunuka a fannin ilimin ƙasa a saman ƙasan duniya suna da alaƙa da ko dai Zoben Wuta na Pacific ko kuma bel ɗin Alpide . Zoben Wuta na Pacific ya haɗa da Andes na Kudancin Amurka, ya ratsa ta cikin Cordillera na Arewacin Amurka, da kuma Aleutian Range, ya ratsa ta cikin Kamchatka Peninsula, Japan, China, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, zuwa New Zealand. Andes suna da 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) tsayi kuma galibi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin tsarin tsaunuka mafi tsayi a duniya.

Bel ɗin Alpide ya kai tsawon kilomita 15,000 a kudancin Eurasia, daga Java a yankin kudu maso gabashin Asiya zuwa yankin Iberian a Yammacin Turai, gami da tsaunukan Himalayas, Karakoram, Hindu Kush, Alborz, Caucasus, da Alps . Dutsen Himalayas yana ɗauke da tsaunuka mafi tsayi a duniya, ciki har da Dutsen Everest, wanda tsayinsa ya kai 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) mai tsayi.

Jerin tsaunuka a wajen waɗannan tsarin guda biyu sun haɗa da Arctic Cordillera, Appalachians, Great Dividing Range, East Siberians, Altais, Scandinavians, Qinling, Western Ghats, Vindhyas, Byrngas, da kuma Annamite Range . Idan aka shimfiɗa ma'anar tsaunin dutse don ya haɗa da tsaunukan ƙarƙashin ruwa, to Tekun Teku shine tsarin tsaunuka mafi tsayi a Duniya, tare da tsawon 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi) .

Andes, mafi tsayin tsaunuka a saman Duniya, yana da tasiri mai ban mamaki akan yanayin Kudancin Amurka

Matsayin tsaunuka yana shafar yanayi, kamar ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara. Lokacin da iska ke motsawa sama da kan tsaunuka, iskar tana yin sanyi, tana haifar da ruwan sama na orographic (ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara). Yayin da iska ke sauka a gefen hagu, sai ta sake ɗumama (bayan yawan lapse na adiabatic ) kuma ta bushe, bayan an cire mata danshi daga jikinta. Sau da yawa, inuwar ruwan sama za ta shafi gefen gefen wani yanki. Sakamakon haka, manyan tsaunuka, kamar Andes, suna raba nahiyoyi zuwa yankuna daban-daban na yanayi.