sodium

English

Chemical element (edit)
Na Atomic number 11 sodium
Classification data Period 3 Group 1 Block s-block Class alkali metal
Previous: ← neon (Ne)
Next: magnesium (Mg) →
English Wikipedia article on Sodium

Sodium

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic أَسْوَد (ʔaswad)

Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía)calq.?

Arabic سَوْدَاء (sawdāʔ)

Arabic أَسْوَد (ʔaswad)

Arabic سُوَيْدَاء (suwaydāʔ)bor.

Italian sodabor.

English soda

Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós

Proto-Italic *-ijos

Proto-Italic *-ios

Old Latin -ios

Latin -iusnom.

Latin -iumlbor.

English -ium

English sodium

Coined by British chemist Humphry Davy in 1808, from soda +‎ -ium.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsəʊ.di.əm/
• (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): /ˈsəw.dɪj.əm/

  • Audio (Standard Southern British):

    (file)

• (General American, Canada) enPR: sōʹdē-əm, IPA^(key): /ˈsoʊ.di.əm/, [ˈsoʊ.ɾi.əm]

  • Audio (California):

    (file)

• (Australia) IPA^(key): /ˈsəʉ.di.əm/, [ˈsəʉ.ɾi.əm] ~ (some speakers) [ˈsɐʉ.ɾi.əm]
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈsɐʉ.di.əm/, [ˈsɐʉ.ɾi.əm]
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈso.de.əm/, /-dɪ-/, /-di-/
• (Wales, without the toe–tow merger) IPA^(key): /ˈsoːdi.əm/
• Rhymes: -əʊdiəm

Noun

sodium (usually uncountable, plural sodiums)

2. (chemistry) The chemical element (symbol Na) with an atomic number of 11 and atomic weight of 22.990. It is a soft, waxy, silvery, reactive alkali metal that is never found unbound in nature.
   1. An atom of this element.
3. (attributive) Employing sodium.
   • 1960 January, G. Freeman Allen, “"Condor"—British Railways' fastest freight train”, in Trains Illustrated, page 48:

     From Keighley onwards we had obviously returned to civilisation, for the surrounding country was now studded with the sodium street lights of suburbia and a thickening industrial haze was blotting out the moon.

Synonyms

• natrium (rare)

Derived terms

• calcium sodium polyphosphate
• decasodium
• disodium
• divalproex sodium
• docusate sodium
• dodecasodium
• foscarnet sodium
• glymidine sodium
• hemisodium
• heptasodium
• hexasodium
• hydrogen sodium arsenate
• metam sodium
• metham sodium
• methylsodium
• monosodium
• nonsodium
• octasodium
• organosodium
• pentasodium
• Pentothal sodium
• porfimer sodium
• radiosodium
• riboflavin-5-sodium phosphate
• sesquisodium
• sodian
• sodic
• sodide
• sodiferous
• sodio-
• sodion
• sodium-23
• sodium acetate
• sodium acetate trihydrate
• sodium adsorption ratio
• sodium alum
• sodium aluminium fluoride
• sodium aluminium phosphate
• sodium aluminum fluoride
• sodium aluminum sulfosilicate
• sodium amalgam
• sodium amide
• sodium amidotrizoate
• sodium Amytal
• sodium amytal
• sodium antimonate
• sodium arsenate
• sodium arsenide
• sodium aurate
• sodium azide
• sodium benzoate
• sodium bicarb
• sodium bicarbonate
• sodium bisulfate
• sodium bisulfite
• sodium bisulphate
• sodium bisulphite
• sodium borohydride
• sodium bromate
• sodium bromide
• sodium carbide
• sodium carbonate
• sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate
• sodium channel
• sodium chlorate
• sodium chloride
• sodium chlorite
• sodium chromate
• sodium citrate
• sodium cocoamphoacetate
• sodium cocoate
• sodium-cooled
• sodium cyanide
• sodium dehydroacetate
• sodium diphenylphosphide
• sodium dithionate
• sodium dithiophosphate
• sodium dodecyl sulfate
• sodium erythorbate
• sodium ethylmercurithiosalicylate
• sodium ferulate
• sodium fluoride
• sodium formate
• sodium gluconate
• sodium glutamate
• sodium hexafluoroantimonate
• sodium hexametaphosphate
• sodium hydride
• sodium hydrogen arsenate
• sodium hydrogen carbonate
• sodium hydrogen phosphate
• sodium hydrogen sulfite
• sodium hydrogen sulphite
• sodium hydroxide
• sodium hypochlorite
• sodium iodide
• sodium iopodate
• sodium lactate
• sodium lamp
• sodium lauroamphoacetate
• sodium lauryl sulfate
• sodium lauryl sulphate
• sodiumlike
• sodium manganate
• sodium metabisulfite
• sodium metabisulphite
• sodium metaphosphate
• sodium monofluorophosphate
• sodium nitrate
• sodium nitrite
• sodium orthophosphate
• sodium oxalate
• sodium oxide
• sodium palmate
• sodium palmitate
• sodium Pentothal
• sodium pentothal
• sodium perborate
• sodium peroxide
• sodium perxenate
• sodium phosphate
• sodium phosphomolybdate
• sodium picosulfate
• sodium plumbate
• sodium polysulfide
• sodium polysulphide
• sodium-potassium pump
• sodium pump
• sodium pyrophosphate
• sodium selenide
• sodium selenite
• sodium silicate
• sodium soap
• sodium sorbate
• sodium stannate
• sodium stearate
• sodium stibogluconate
• sodium sulfate
• sodium sulfide
• sodium sulfite
• sodium sulphate
• sodium sulphide
• sodium sulphite
• sodium tallowate
• sodium tartrate
• sodium terbium borate
• sodium tetraborate
• sodium tetraborate decahydrate
• sodium tetraborate pentahydrate
• sodium thiopental
• sodium thiosulfate
• sodium thiosulphate
• sodium trimetaphosphate
• sodium tripolyphosphate
• sodium tungstate
• sodium vapor lamp
• sodium vapour lamp
• sodium zircofluoride
• stannide of sodium
• suramin sodium
• telluret of sodium
• tetrasodium
• tridecasodium
• trisodium

Related terms

• soda

Translations

reactive metal

• Afrikaans: natrium (af)
• Albanian: natrium (sq)
• Arabic: صُودِيُوم m (ṣūdiyūm)
• Aragonese: sodio m
• Armenian: նատրիում (hy) (natrium)
• Asturian: sodiu (ast) m
• Azerbaijani: natrium
• Basque: sodioa
• Belarusian: на́трый m (nátryj)
• Bengali: সোডিয়াম (bn) (śōḍiẏam), ^{(please verify)} লবণক (lobonok)
• Breton: natriom m, sodiom (br) m
• Bulgarian: на́трий (bg) m (nátrij)
• Burmese: ဆိုဒီယမ် (hcuidiyam)
• Catalan: sodi (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Hokkien: na

  Mandarin: 鈉 / 钠 (zh) (nà)

• Cornish: sodyum
• Corsican: sodiu
• Czech: sodík (cs) m
• Danish: natrium (da) n
• Dhivehi: ސޯޑިއަމް (sōḍiam̊)
• Dutch: natrium (nl) n
• Esperanto: natrio (eo)
• Estonian: naatrium (et)
• Faroese: natrium n
• Finnish: natrium (fi)
• French: sodium (fr) m
• Frisian:

  West Frisian: natrium (fy) n

• Friulian: sodi
• Galician: sodio (gl) m
• Georgian: ნატრიუმი (naṭriumi)
• German: Natrium (de) n
• Greek: νάτριο (el) n (nátrio)
• Haitian Creole: sodyòm
• Hawaiian: sodiuma
• Hebrew: נַתְרָן (he) m (natrán)
• Hindi: क्षारातु (kṣārātu), सोडियम (soḍiyam)
• Hungarian: nátrium (hu)
• Icelandic: natrín (is) n, natríum n
• Ido: natro (io)
• Indonesian: natrium (id)
• Interlingua: sodium, natrium
• Irish: sóidiam (ga)
• Italian: sodio (it) m
• Japanese: ナトリウム (ja) (natoriumu)
• Javanese: natrium
• Kannada: ಸೋಡಿಯಮ್ (sōḍiyam)
• Kashubian: natrijô m
• Kazakh: натрий (kk) (natrıyy)
• Khmer: សូឌីយ៉ូម (soudiiyoum), សូដ្យូម (soudyoum)
• Korean: 나트륨 (ko) (nateuryum), 소듐 (sodyum)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: natrîyûm, sodyûm (ku) f

• Kyrgyz: натрий (natriy)
• Lao: ໂຊດຽມ (sō dīam)
• Latin: natrium (la)
• Latvian: nātrijs (lv)
• Lingala: sodu class 9a/10a
• Lithuanian: natris (lt)
• Low German: natrium
• Luxembourgish: Natrium
• Macedonian: натриум m (natrium)
• Malay: natrium (ms)
• Malayalam: സോഡിയം (sōḍiyaṁ)
• Maltese: sodju
• Manx: sodjum
• Māori: konutai
• Marathi: सोडियम (soḍiyam)
• Mongolian: натри (mn) (natri)
• Navajo: soodin
• Norman: sôdgium
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: natrium (no) n

  Nynorsk: natrium (nn) n

• Occitan: sòdi (oc) m
• Pashto: سوډیم
• Persian: سدیم (fa) (sodiyom)
• Polish: sód (pl) m
• Portuguese: sódio (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਸੋਡੀਅਮ (pa) (soḍīama)
• Quechua: natriyu
• Romanian: sodiu (ro) n, natriu (ro) n
• Russian: на́трий (ru) m (nátrij)
• Sanskrit: विक्षार (sa) (vikṣāra)
• Scottish Gaelic: sòidiam
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: натријум m

  Latin: natrijum m, natrij (sh) m (Croatia)

• Sicilian: sodiu (scn)
• Slovak: sodík (sk) m
• Slovene: natrij (sl)
• Spanish: sodio (es) m
• Swahili: natiri, sodiamu
• Swedish: natrium (sv) n
• Tagalog: sodyo
• Tajik: натрий (tg) (natriy)
• Tamil: உவர்மம் (uvarmam), சோடியம் (ta) (cōṭiyam)
• Tatar: натрий (natriy)
• Telugu: సోడియమ్ (te) (sōḍiyam)
• Thai: โซเดียม (th) (soo-dîiam)
• Tibetan: བུལ་རྫས (bul rdzas), སོ་ཌི་ཡམ (so ḍi yam) (phonetic translit. from English)
• Turkish: sodyum (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: صودیوم (sodyum)

• Turkmen: natriý
• Ukrainian: на́трій (uk) m (nátrij)
• Urdu: سوڈیم (soḍiyam)
• Uyghur: ناترىي (natriy)
• Uzbek: natriy (uz)

  Cyrillic: натрий (uz) (natriy)

• Vietnamese: natri (vi), chất muối
• Volapük: natrin (vo)
• Walloon: sodiom (wa)
• Welsh: sodiwm (cy)
• Yiddish: נאַטריום (natryum)

See also

• amphibole
• borax
• Chile saltpeter, Chile saltpetre
• cryolite
• halite
• natron
• salt
• zeolite

References

• Sodium on the British Royal Society of Chemistry's online periodic table
• “sodium”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Anagrams

• modius, odiums

French

Chemical element (edit)
Na Atomic number 11 sodium
Classification data Period 3 Group 1 Block s-block Class alkali metal
Previous: ← néon (Ne)
Next: magnésium (Mg) →

Etymology

Borrowed from English sodium

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔ.djɔm/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

sodium m (uncountable)

1. sodium

Derived terms

• hydroxyde de sodium

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: صودیوم (sodyum)
  • Turkish: sodyum

Further reading

• “sodium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012