دنيا

See also: دنیا

Arabic

Roots
د ن و (d n w)
8 terms
د ن ي (d n y)
4 terms

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)

Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)

Arabic دُنْيَا

Feminine elative of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”). دُنيَا (“world”) is originally the "lower place" (as opposed to heaven, the "higher place"); compare English here below.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun.jaː/

Noun

دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f (dual دُنْيَيَان (dunyayān), plural دُنًا (dunan, construct state دُنَا (dunā)) or دُنًى (dunan, construct state دُنَى (dunā)) or دُنْيَيَات (dunyayāt))

this mortal life; life in this world
Antonym: آخِرة (ʔāḵira, “afterworld”)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:145:
  وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلْآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا ۚ وَسَنَجْزِي ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ
  waman yurid ṯawāba d-dunyā nuʔtihi minhā waman yurid ṯawāba l-ʔāḵirati nuʔtihi minhā wasanajzī š-šākirīna
  And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.
world

Declension

Declension of noun **دُنْيَا** (dunyā)
singular	singular invariable
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
nominative	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
accusative	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
genitive	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُنْيَيَيْن dunyayayn	الدُّنْيَيَيْن ad-dunyayayn	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
nominative	دُنْيَيَانِ dunyayāni	الدُّنْيَيَانِ ad-dunyayāni	دُنْيَيَا dunyayā
accusative	دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni	الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
genitive	دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni	الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
plural	broken plural in ـًا (-an); broken plural in ـًى (-an); sound feminine plural
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَات dunā; dunā; dunyayāt	الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَات ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāt	دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَات dunā; dunā; dunyayāt
nominative	دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٌ dunan; dunan; dunyayātun	الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتُ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayātu	دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتُ dunā; dunā; dunyayātu
accusative	دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan; dunan; dunyayātin	الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāti	دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā; dunā; dunyayāti
genitive	دُنًا; دُنًى; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan; dunan; dunyayātin	الدُّنَا; الدُّنَى; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā; ad-dunā; ad-dunyayāti	دُنَا; دُنَى; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā; dunā; dunyayāti

Derived terms

دُنْيَوِيّ (dunyawiyy)

Descendants

Egyptian Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
Gulf Arabic: دنيا (dinya)
Hijazi Arabic: دُنيا (dunya)
Maltese: dinja
Moroccan Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
North Levantine Arabic: دني (dini), دنيي / دنية (dinye), دنيا (dinya), دنا (dina)
→ Classical Persian: دٌنْیَا (see there for further descendants)
→ Daba: dúnyà
→ Karo Batak: doni
→ Hausa: dūniyā̀
→ Indonesian: dunia
→ Javanese: ꦢꦺꦴꦚ (donya)
→ Laki: دنیا (dinya)
→ Malay: dunia
→ Minangkabau: dunia
→ Northern Kurdish: dinya
→ Sasak: dunie
→ Somali: dunida
→ Sundanese: dunya
→ Swahili: dunia
→ Ottoman Turkish: دنيا (dünya)
→ Turkish: dünya
- → Greek: ντουνιάς (ntouniás)
→ Yoruba: dúníyàn

From الدُّنْيَا (ad-dunya):

→ Afar: addunyá
→ Kabyle: ddunit
→ Oromo: addunyaa
→ Saho: udduuniya
→ Somali: addúun
→ Tashelhit: ddunit

Adjective

دُنْيَا • (dunyā)

feminine singular of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”)

References

Wehr, Hans (1979), “دنو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Bulgar

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Noun

دِنيا (dinyā)

(Volga Bulgar) world

Descendants

Chuvash: тӗнче (tĕnč̬e)

References

Hakimzjanov, Farid Sabirzjanovich (1986), “New Volga Bulgarian Inscriptions”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎^[1] (in Bulgar), volume 40, number 1, page 174
Tekin, Talât (1988), Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎^[2] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 68-69

Egyptian Arabic

Alternative forms

دنية, دنيه (alternative spellings)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)

Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)

Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)

Egyptian Arabic دنيا

Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun.ja/, [ˈdonjɜ]
IPA^(key): /din.ja/, [ˈdenjɜ]

Noun

دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f

world
(definite, religion) the mortal world (as opposed to the afterlife)
(definite) impersonal pronoun, describing weather and general time
Coordinate term: ساعة (sāʕa, “clock; hour”) (for specific clock times)

الدنيا بتشتي ― id-dunya bitišti ― It's raining

الدنيا بتليل ― id-dunya bitlayyil ― Night is falling (literally, “it's becoming night”)

Usage notes

Construct form can either be dunya or dunyit.

Proper noun

دنيا • (dunya)

a female given name, Donya, Donia, and Dunya

Gujarati

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Noun

دنيا • (dunyā) f

Lisan ud-Dawat form of દુનિયા (duniyā)

Maguindanao

Noun

دنيا (transliteration needed)

Jawi spelling of dunia

Malay

Noun

دنيا (plural دنيا-دنيا or دنيا٢)

Jawi spelling of dunia.‎

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)

Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)

Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)

Moroccan Arabic دنيا

Inherited from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun.ja/, /din.ja/
Audio: (file)

Noun

دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f (plural دُنيات (dunyāt) or دِنيات (dinyāt))

world, earth
Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)

هاد الراجل هو أسرع واحد فهاد الدنيا
hād er-rājel huwwa ʔasraʕ wāḥed f-hād ed-dunya
This man is the fastest in the world.
it; things; everything; used to refer to general states and circumstances
الدنيا مغيمة غدا ― ed-dunya mḡayyma ḡadda ― It'll be cloudy tomorrow.

الدنيا عامرة اليوم فهاد المحال ― ed-dunya ʕāmra f-hād el-maḥāl ― This store is crowded today.

North Levantine Arabic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /din.ja/, [dɪn.ja]

Noun

دنيا • (dinya) f

alternative form of دني (dini)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
د ن و
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Equivalent to the feminine elative of أدنى (ʔadna, “lower, lowest”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /din.ja/, [ˈdɪn.ja]
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

دنيا • (dinya) f

world
Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)
this world (opposed to the hereafter)
Antonym: آخرة (ʔāḵre)
it (dummy subject for the weather and seasons)

Usage notes

When describing the weather, الدنيا (id-dinya) is followed by a noun rather than an adjective.
الدنيا شوب.
id-dinya šōb.
It's hot (outside).
(literally, “The world is heat.”)
When used with a verb الدنيا (id-dinya) is optional, but the verb remains in the 3rd person feminine singular.
(الدنيا) عم بتشتي. ― (id-dinya) ʕam bitšatti. ― It's raining.