Umchazabukhona

Umchazabukhona ucwaningo lenjulalwazi lobukhona. Ngokwesiko uqondwa njengoqeqesho oluphansi lwephicamvelo oluhlozinge ezicini ezijwayelekile zengempela. Njengesicabango esiyisisekelo kakhulu, ubukhona buhlanganisa lonke ingempela kanye nayo yonke imenzo ephakathi kwalo. Ukuze uchaze uhlaka oluyisisekelo lobukhona, umchazabukhona uhlolisisa izinkondolo ezifanayo phakathi kwazo zonke izinto bese uphenya ukujinjwa kwazo ngezinhlobo eziyisisekelo, njengeminxa ye-particulars kanye nezimvamela (universals). Okukhethekileyo kuyizinto eziyingqayizivele, ezingaphindeki, njengomuntu uMandela, kuyilapho izimvamela kuyizinto ezivamile, eziphindekayo, njengombala oluhlaza. Omunye umehluko okhona uphakathi kwezinto eziphathekayo ezikhona emkhathini nasesikhathini, njengesihlahla, nezinto eziyimikhanyango @ ezikhona ngaphandle komkhathi nasesikhathini njengobulungiswa. Izimiso zeminxa zihlose ukunikeza uhlu oluphelele lwengempela ngokusebenzisa iminxa enjengomumbu, impahla, ubudlelwano, isimo sezindaba, nesenzakalo.

Abachazibukhona abavumelani ngokuthi yiziphi izinto ezikhona ezingeni eliyisisekelo. I-realism kaPlato igcizelela ukuthi okuvamileyo kunobukhona obuqondile, kuyilapho I-conceptualism igcizelela ngokuthi okuvamileyo kukhona kuphela engqondweni, futhi i-nominalism iphika ubukhona kokuvamileyo ngokuphelele. Izimpikiswano ezifanayo ziphathelene nezinto zomchazazibalo, izinto ezingabonakali ezicatshangelwa yimichachiso yenzululwazi, namaqiniso okuziphatha. I-materialism yona iphakamisa ukuthi ngokuyisisekelo kukhona kuphela uTho, kuyilapho i-dualism igcizelela ukuthi ingqondo noTho ziyizimiso ezizimele. Ngokusho kwabanye abachazibukhona izimpendulo eziqondile zemibuzo yomchazabukhona azikho, njengoba imibono ebunjwa imikhuba ehlukahlukene yolimi.