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震

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: ☳
震 U+9707, 震
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9707
← 霆
[U+9706] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 霈 →
[U+9708]

Translingual

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Han character

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震 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+7, 15 strokes, Cangjie input 一月一一女 (MBMMV), four-corner 10232, composition ⿱雨辰)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1374, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42300
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1883, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4064, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9707

Chinese

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trad. 震
simp. # 震

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 震
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (辰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
辴 *tʰɯl, *tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn
屒 *tɯnʔ, *djɯn
振 *tjɯn, *tjɯns
侲 *tjɯn, *tjɯn
桭 *tjɯn, *djɯn
唇 *tjɯn, *ɦljun
帪 *tjɯn
賑 *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns
裖 *tjɯnʔ
敐 *tjɯnʔ, *djɯn
震 *tjɯn
娠 *tjɯns, *hljɯn
蜃 *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins
辰 *djɯn
晨 *djɯn, *ɦljɯn
宸 *djɯn
鷐 *djɯn
麎 *djɯn
祳 *djɯnʔ
脤 *djɯnʔ
鋠 *djɯnʔ
磭 *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ
陙 *djun
脣 *ɦljun
漘 *ɦljun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjɯn): semantic 雨 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

Etymology

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Related to 振 (OC *tjɯns, “to shake”), probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar ~ d(u/i)r (“to tremble; to shiver”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • zen3 - literary;
  • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
Note:
  • zing2 - literary;
  • dung3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
Note:
  • zhen4 - literary;
  • ten3 - vernacular (“to shake”).
Rime
Character 震
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 章刃切
Baxter tsyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕinH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cinH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiĕnH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭĕnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 震
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyinH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tər-s/
English clap of thunder

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 震
Reading # 1/1
No. 1367
Phonetic
component 		辰
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		震
Old
Chinese 		/*tjɯn/

Definitions

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震

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) thunder
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of lightning) to strike
  3. to tremble; to shake; to jolt; to quake
  4. (literary, or in compounds) earthquake
    震央  ―  zhènyāng  ―  epicentre of an earthquake
  5. (literary, or in compounds, obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be excited; to be aroused; to be shocked
  6. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to stir; to invigorate
  7. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) power; prestige; dignity
  8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to fear; to tremble
  9. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) the east
  10. 4th of the 8 trigrams
  11. 51st hexagram of the I Ching
  12. (～國) (historical) Jin; Zhen (original name of the Balhae state)
  13. a surname
Synonyms
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  • (thunder): 雷 (léi); (Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew) 雷公 (léigōng); (Jin) 忽雷
  • (to shake): 震動／震动 (zhèndòng)
  • (earthquake):
Dialectal synonyms of 地震 (“(to have an) earthquake”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 地震, 震
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 地震
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒, 鰲魚翻身
Taiwan 地震, 地牛翻身
Chengde 地震
Chifeng 地震, 地動
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 地震
Heihe 地震
Qiqihar 地震
Harbin 地震
Jiamusi 地震
Baicheng 地震
Changchun 地震, 地動
Tonghua 地震, 地動
Shenyang 地震, 老鱉翻身
Jinzhou 地震, 地動
Singapore 地震
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 地震
Tangshan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Cangzhou 地震
Baoding 地震, 地動
Shijiazhuang 地震, 地動
Lijin 地震, 地動
Jinan 地震, 地動
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 地陷
Dandong 地震, 地動
Yantai 地震
Qingdao 地震
Zhucheng 地震
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 地動
Lingbao 地動
Jining 地震, 鰲魚眨眼地翻身
Wanrong 地動
Linfen 地震
Shangqiu 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
Yuanyang 地震
Zhengzhou 地動
Xinyang 地動
Baihe 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身
Xi'an 地震, 地動
Baoji 地震, 地動
Tianshui 地動, 龍翻身哩
Xining 地震, 地牛搖頭
Dunhuang (Hedong dialect) 地震
Xuzhou 地震, 地動
Fuyang 地震, 地動
Qimen (Anling; Junhua) 鰲魚翻身
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 地動
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 地震
Lanzhou 地震, 地動
Hami 地震, 蛟龍翻身
Ürümqi 地動
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 地震, 地動
Nanchong 地震, 地動
Dazhou 地動, 鰲魚眨眼兒
Hanyuan 地震, 地動
Xichang 地震, 鰲魚翻身, 地動
Zigong 地震
Chongqing 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Wuhan 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Yichang 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Xiangyang 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Tianmen 地震, 鰲魚換肩
Guiyang 地震, 地動
Zunyi 地震
Bijie 地震
Liping 地震
Zhaotong 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Dali 地震
Kunming 地震, 鱷魚翻身
Mengzi 地震
Guilin 地震
Guanyang 地震, 地動
Liuzhou 地震
Jishou 地震
Changde 鰲魚翻身
Hanzhong 地震, 地動, 鱷魚翻身
Kokang 地動, 鰲魚翻身
Mae Salong (Lancang) 地震, 地動
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 地震
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 地震, 地動, 鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚擦眼睛, 鰲魚眨眼睛
Yangzhou 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Lianyungang 地震
Lianshui 地震, 地動
Nantong 地震, 地動
Anqing 地震
Wuhu 地震, 地動
Hefei 地震
Hong'an 地震, 鰲魚翻身
Cantonese Guangzhou 地震
Hong Kong 地震
Taishan 地震, 地牛躝側
Yangjiang 地震
Qinzhou 鰲魚翻身, 鰲魚動翅
Gan Nanchang 地震
Pingxiang 地震, 孽龍轉身
Hakka Meixian 地震, 天地轉側, 地牛轉側
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 地牛轉側
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 地震
Wuhua (Huacheng) 地轉側
Wuhua (Changbu) 地震, 地轉側
Wuhua (Mianyang) 地震
Jiexi 地牛轉肩
Jiexi (Huizhai) 地牛換肩
Luhe 地牛轉肩
Changting 鰲魚翻身
Longyan (Yongding) 地轉側
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 地動
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 地震
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 地震
Liancheng (Peitian) 鰲魚轉側, 地震
Liancheng (Juxi) 地震
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 地震
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 地震, 地動
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 地動
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 地動, 地牛翻身, 地牛轉肩
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 地動
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 地動
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 地動
Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) 地動
Bobai (Longtan) 地震
Pontianak (Meixian) 地動
Bangkok (Meixian) 天轉側
Bangkok (Fengshun) 地牛轉肩
Huizhou Shexian 地震
Qimen (Anling; Minhua) 鰲魚翻身, 地震
Jin Taiyuan 地震, 地動
Yangyuan 地震, 地動
Datong 地震, 地動
Xinzhou 地動
Lüliang (Lishi) 地震, 地動
Changzhi 地動
Linhe 地震, 地動
Jining 地搖
Hohhot 地震, 地動
Erenhot 地震
Pingshan 地動
Zhangjiakou 地震
Handan 地震, 地動
Linzhou 地動
Suide 地震, 土牛兒翻身
Northern Min Jian'ou 地震, 地牛反肩
Eastern Min Fuzhou 地震, 地牛轉肩
Gutian 地震, 地牛車轉身 dated
Southern Min Xiamen 地動
Xiamen (Tong'an) 地動
Quanzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
Zhangzhou 地動, 地牛翻身
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 地動
Zhangpu 地動
Zhao'an 地震
Dongshan 地牛過肩, 地顫 rural
Taipei 地動
New Taipei (Tamsui) 地動, 塗牛翻身
New Taipei (Sanxia) 地牛翻身, 地動
New Taipei (Pingxi) 地動, 地牛翻身
Kaohsiung 地動, 塗牛翻身
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 地動, 地牛翻身
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 地動, 塗牛翻身
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 地動, 地牛翻身
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 地動, 地牛翻身
Kaohsiung (Cieding) 地動, 地牛翻身
Yilan 地牛翻身, 地動
Yilan (Luodong) 地動
Yilan (Toucheng) 地動
Changhua (Lukang) 地動
Changhua (Yongjing) 地動, 塗牛翻身
Taichung 地動, 地牛翻身
Tainan 地動, 塗牛翻身, 大牛換肩, 大牛翻身
Tainan (Anping) 地動, 地牛翻身
Hsinchu 地動, 地牛翻身
Chiayi 地動, 地牛翻身
Chiayi County (Dongshi) 地動, 塗牛翻身
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 地動, 地牛翻身
Kinmen 地動, 地牛翻身
Penghu (Magong) 地動, 地牛翻身
Penghu (Xiyu) 地動, 地牛翻身
Penang (Hokkien) 地動, 地顫
Manila (Hokkien) 地動
Chaozhou 地震
Shantou 地震
Jieyang 地牛換肩
Haifeng 地牛翻身
Puxian Min Putian 地動
Xianyou 地動
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 龍翻身, 牛搏肩
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 地震
Wu Shanghai 地震, 地動
Suzhou 地震
Wuxi 地震, 天搖地動
Wenzhou 地震, 地藏王轉肩
Xiang Changsha 地震
Shuangfeng 地震
Hengyang 地震
  • (to be excited):

Compounds

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References

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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震

  1. alternative form of 娠 (shēn, “to be pregnant”)

Japanese

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Kanji

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震

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to quake
  2. to tremble

Readings

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  • Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ふるう (furuu, 震う, Jōyō)、ふるえる (furueru, 震える, Jōyō)

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
震
しん
Grade: S
on'yomi

Noun

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震(しん) • (shin) 

  1. the fourth of the eight trigrams of the I Ching ☳
    Hypernym: 八卦
    Coordinate terms: 乾, 兌, 離, 震, 巽, 坎, 艮, 坤
  2. the fifty-first of the sixty-four hexagrams of the I Ching ䷲
    Hypernym: 六十四卦

Korean

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Hanja

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震 (eum 진 (jin))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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震: Hán Nôm readings: chấn, dấn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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