ἐρέτης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-t-, from *h₁reh₁- (“to row”). Compare Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀩𐀲 (e-re-ta /⁠eretās⁠/).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.ré.tɛːs/ → /eˈre.tis/ → /eˈre.tis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.ré.tɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈre.te̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈre.tis/
• (10^th CE Medieval) IPA^(key): /eˈre.tis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈre.tis/

Noun

ἐρέτης • (erétēs) m (genitive ἐρέτου); second declension

1. (chiefly in the plural) an oarsman, rower
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.142
   • c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.280 (etc.)
   • 460 BCE – 430 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.12
   • 431 BCE – 404 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.31
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 542
2. (in the plural, rare) oars
   • Palatine Anthology 6.4.6

Declension

First declension of ὁ ἐρέτης; τοῦ ἐρέτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἐρέτης ho erétēs	τὼ ἐρέτᾱ tṑ erétā	οἱ ἐρέται hoi erétai
Genitive	τοῦ ἐρέτου toû erétou	τοῖν ἐρέταιν toîn erétain	τῶν ἐρετῶν tôn eretôn
Dative	τῷ ἐρέτῃ tōî erétēi	τοῖν ἐρέταιν toîn erétain	τοῖς ἐρέταις toîs erétais
Accusative	τὸν ἐρέτην tòn erétēn	τὼ ἐρέτᾱ tṑ erétā	τοὺς ἐρέτᾱς toùs erétās
Vocative	ἐρέτᾰ erétă	ἐρέτᾱ erétā	ἐρέται erétai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ᾰ̔λῐήρης (hălĭḗrēs)
• ᾰ̓μφήρης (ămphḗrēs)
• αὐτερέτης (auterétēs)
• δῐήρης (dĭḗrēs)
• εἰρεσία (eiresía)
• εἰρεσίη (eiresíē)
• ἐννήρης (ennḗrēs)
• ἐρέσσω (eréssō)
• ἐρετῐκός (eretĭkós)
• Ἐρετμεύς (Eretmeús)
• ἐρετμόν (eretmón)
• Ἐρέτρῐᾰ (Erétrĭă)
• μονήρης (monḗrēs)
• πεντηκόντερος (pentēkónteros)
• πεντηκόντορος (pentēkóntoros)
• τεσσᾰρᾰκοντήρης (tessărăkontḗrēs)
• τρῐήρης (trĭḗrēs)
• ῠ̔περέτης (hŭperétēs)
• ὑπηρέτης (hupērétēs)

Further reading

• “ἐρέτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐρέτης” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἐρέτης in Pape, Wilhelm (1914), Max Sengebusch, editor, Handwörterbuch der griechischen Sprache‎^[1] (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
• ἐρέτης in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἐρέτης”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “ἐρέτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἐρέτης, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011