तारा

Hindi

तारों का समूह

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā), Doublet of सितारा (sitārā).

Cognates

Cognate with Assamese তৰা (tora), Baluchi استار (istár, astár), Bengali তারা (tara), Dhivehi ތަރި (tari), English star, Gojri تارو (tāro), Gujarati તારો (tāro), Marathi तारा (tārā), Maithili तारा (tārā), Nepali तारो (tāro), Odia ତାରା (tārā), Pashto ستوری (stóray), Persian ستاره (setâre), Punjabi تارا / ਤਾਰਾ (tārā), Sinhalese තරුව (taruwa), and Sindhi تَارو (tāro) / तारो (tāro).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑː.ɾɑː/, [t̪äː.ɾäː]

• Audio (Delhi):

  (file)

• Audio (Delhi):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː
• Hyphenation: ता‧रा

Noun

तारा • (tārā) m or f by sense (Urdu spelling تارا)

1. star

   Synonyms: सितारा (sitārā), अख़्तर (axtar)

2. asterisk
3. (anatomy) pupil (of the eye)

   Synonyms: पुतली (putlī), तारक (tārak)

   आँखों का तारा ― ā̃khõ kā tārā ― apple of one's eye (literally, “star of one's eye”)

4. (astrology) fate, destiny (that is influenced by a planet)
5. (figuratively) something that appears small due to the distance
6. (endearing) a star; dear

Declension

Declension of तारा (masc ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	तारा tārā	तारे tāre
oblique	तारे tāre	तारों tārõ
vocative	तारे tāre	तारो tāro

Declension of तारा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	तारा tārā	ताराएँ tārāẽ
oblique	तारा tārā	ताराओं tārāõ
vocative	तारा tārā	ताराओ tārāo

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “तारा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 2066
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “तारा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 287
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “तारा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 449
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “तारा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 284.

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪a.ɾa/

Etymology 1

तारे

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā).

Noun

तारा • (tārā) m

1. a star

   Synonym: नक्षत्र (nakṣatra)

Declension

Declension of तारा (masc ā-stem)

	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	तारा tārā	तारे tāre
oblique सामान्यरूप	तार्या tāryā	तार्यां- tāryā̃
accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	तार्याला tāryālā	तार्यांना tāryānnā
ergative	तार्याने, तार्यानं tāryāne, tāryāna	तार्यांनी tāryānnī
instrumental	तार्याशी tāryāśī	तार्यांशी tāryāuśī
locative सप्तमी	तार्यात tāryāt	तार्यांत tāryānta
vocative संबोधन	तार्या tāryā	तार्यांनो tāryānno

Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of तारा (masc ā-stem)

	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	तार्याचा tāryācā	तार्याचे tāryāce	तार्याची tāryācī	तार्याच्या tāryācyā	तार्याचे, तार्याचं tāryāce, tāryāca	तार्याची tāryācī	तार्याच्या tāryācyā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	तार्यांचा tāryāñcā	तार्यांचे tāryāñce	तार्यांची tāryāñcī	तार्यांच्या tāryāñcyā	तार्यांचे, तार्यांचं tāryāñce, tāryāñca	तार्यांची tāryāñcī	तार्यांच्या tāryāñcyā

^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Proper noun

तारा • (tārā) f

1. a female given name, Tara, from Sanskrit

Etymology 2

From तार (tār) +‎ -आ (-ā)

Noun

तारा • (tārā)

1. plural of तार (tār, “string, wire”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “तारा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “तारा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [t̪äɾä]
• Phonetic Devanagari: तारा

Noun

तारा • (tārā)

1. star

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তাৰা (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬵᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
• তারা (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰯𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• တာရာ (Burmese script)
• તારા (Gujarati script)
• ਤਾਰਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌾𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦴꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂰𑂩𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ತಾರಾ (Kannada script)
• តារា (Khmer script)
• ຕາຣາ (Lao script)
• താരാ (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘰𑘨𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧑𑧈𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐵𑐬𑐵 (Newa script)
• ତାରା (Odia script)
• ꢡꢵꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆳𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖯𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
• තාරා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩛𑩼𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚭𑚤𑚭 (Takri script)
• தாரா (Tamil script)
• తారా (Telugu script)
• ตารา (Thai script)
• ཏཱ་རཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒰𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨊𑨫𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs-

Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr

Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr

Sanskrit तृ (tṛ)

Sanskrit तारा॑

Based on forms beginning with तार- (tāra-) of तृ (tṛ, “star”), a Vedic contraction of स्तृ (stṛ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hstā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hstar-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (star-), Classical Persian ستاره (sitāra) (whence Hindi सितारा (sitārā)), Latin stella, Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr) and Old English steorra (whence English star).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɑ́ː.ɾɑː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑː.ɾɑː/

Noun

तारा॑ • (tā́rā) stem, f

1. star, asterism
   • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.55.2:

     श॒तं श्वे॒तास॑ उ॒क्षणो॑ दि॒वि तारो॒ न रो॑चन्ते।
     म॒ह्ना दिवं॒ न त॑स्तभुः॥

     śatáṃ śvetā́sa ukṣáṇo diví tā́ro ná rocante.
     mahnā́ dívaṃ ná tastabhuḥ.

     A hundred white oxen shine like stars in the heaven, by their size they have almost held up theheavens.

2. the pupil of the eye (chiefly at the end of a compound)
3. (Samkhya philosophy) one of the 8 siddhis
4. (music) name of a raga of six notes
5. (Hinduism) Tara, second of the ten Mahavidyas
6. (Buddhism) Tārā, a female Buddha
7. (Hinduism) Tara, wife of Brihaspati

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of तारा॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	तारा॑ (tā́rā)	तारे॑ (tā́re)	ताराः॑ (tā́rāḥ)
accusative	तारा॑म् (tā́rām)	तारे॑ (tā́re)	ताराः॑ (tā́rāḥ)
instrumental	तार॑या (tā́rayā) तारा॑¹ (tā́rā¹)	तारा॑भ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	तारा॑भिः (tā́rābhiḥ)
dative	तारा॑यै (tā́rāyai)	तारा॑भ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	तारा॑भ्यः (tā́rābhyaḥ)
ablative	तारा॑याः (tā́rāyāḥ) तारा॑यै² (tā́rāyai²)	तारा॑भ्याम् (tā́rābhyām)	तारा॑भ्यः (tā́rābhyaḥ)
genitive	तारा॑याः (tā́rāyāḥ) तारा॑यै² (tā́rāyai²)	तार॑योः (tā́rayoḥ)	तारा॑णाम् (tā́rāṇām)
locative	तारा॑याम् (tā́rāyām)	तार॑योः (tā́rayoḥ)	तारा॑सु (tā́rāsu)
vocative	तारे॑ (tā́re)	तारे॑ (tā́re)	ताराः॑ (tā́rāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

This includes descendants of the extended forms तारक (tāraka) and तारका (tārakā).

• Pali: tārā, tārakā
  • → Old Javanese: tāra
    • Javanese: ꦠꦫ (tara)
    • → Balinese: ᬢᬭᬵ (tara)
  • → Burmese: တာရာ (tara)
  • → Tagalog: tala
  • → Thai: ดารา (daa-raa)
• Prakrit: 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (tārā), 𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀬𑀸 (tārayā)
  • Apabhramsa: तारउ (tāraü)
    • Insular Indo-Aryan:
      • Dhivehi: ތަރި (tari)
      • Sinhalese: තරුව (taruwa)
    • Northern Indo-Aryan:
      • Doteli: तारो (tāro)
    • Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
      • Sindhic: tārō

        Arabic script: تارو (tāro)

        Devanagari script: तारो

    • Western Indo-Aryan:
      • Old Gujarati: तारउ (tāraü)
        • Gujarati: તારો (tāro)
        • Rajasthani:
          • Gojri: تارو (tāro)
          • Marwari: तारौ (tārau)
• → Malayalam: താരം (tāraṁ)
• → Telugu: తార (tāra)
• → Tamil: தாரை (tārai)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “तारा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0443, column 3.