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Thái Nguyên province

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Thái Nguyên
Province
Left to right:
Official seal of Thái Nguyên
Seal
Nickname: 
Great Highland
Location of Thái Nguyên within Vietnam
Location of Thái Nguyên within Vietnam
Map
Interactive map of Thái Nguyên
Coordinates: 21°40′N 105°50′E / 21.667°N 105.833°E / 21.667; 105.833
Country Vietnam
RegionNortheast
CapitalPhan Đình Phùng
Subdivision3 cities, 6 rural districts
Government
 • TypeProvince
 • BodyThái Nguyên Provincial People's Council
 • Chairman of People's CouncilPhạm Hoàng Sơn
 • Chairman of People's CommitteeTrịnh Việt Hùng
Area
[1]
 • Province
8,375.21 km2 (3,233.69 sq mi)
Population
 (2025)[2][citation needed]
 • Province
1,799,489
 • Density214.859/km2 (556.482/sq mi)
 • Urban
700,000
Ethnic groups
[2]
 • Vietnamese[3]70.13%
 • Tày11.69%
 • Nùng6.35%
 • Sán Dìu4.39%
 • Sán Chay3.07%
 • Others4.37%
GDP[4]
 • ProvinceVND 98.547 trillion
US$ 4.280 billion
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Area codes208
ISO 3166 codeVN-69
HDI (2020)Increase 0.770[5]
(9th)
Websitewww.thainguyen.gov.vn

Thái Nguyên (Vietnamese pronunciation: [t̺ʰǎj ŋʷiə̄n]) is a province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. It is a mountainous inland province. Thái Nguyên's society is composed of eight ethnic groups.[6][7]

With its natural resources and somewhat salubrious climate, Thái Nguyên offers opportunities for industrial development for domestic and foreign investors.[6] It is also known as an educational centre and has 21 universities and colleges. Thái Nguyên is the centre of tea industry in Vietnam with an area of 16,000 ha. (second to Lâm Đồng) with a production of 100,000 tonnes (98,000 long tons; 110,000 short tons) per year. Its dried tea production is 25,000 tonnes (25,000 long tons; 28,000 short tons) per year.[6]

Geography

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Tam Đảo mountain range

Thái Nguyên borders four provinces: Cao Bằng, Phú Thọ, Tuyên Quang, Lạng Sơn, and two centrally-governed cities: Bắc Ninh and Hanoi. Thái Nguyên is the gateway for socio-economic exchange with the Red River delta. It is 50 km from Noi Bai international airport, 200 km from the Chinese border, 75 km from the center of Hanoi and 200 km from Hai Phong. The exchange is carried out via road, rail and waterways in the province.[6] Main water features include the Công River and Núi Cốc Lake.

Núi Cốc Lake

Thái Nguyên has mountain ranges running from south to north. Their structure is made of decayed rocks with caves and valleys. In the southwest is the Tam Đảo mountain range, located on the northern fringe of the Red River Delta. The range spans some 80 kilometres, with its highest peak of 1,529 metres[8] (note other sources state 1,590 or 1,592 metres) and cliffs running from northwest to southeast.

The Tam Đảo mountain region is protected by the Tam Đảo National Park, established in 1996, which is one of the national parks in Vietnam.[8]

Demographics

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According to the General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam, the population of Thái Nguyên province as of 2019 was 1,286,751 with a density of 364 people per km2 over a total land area of 3,526.64 km2 (1,361.64 mi2). The female population during this period was 657,554 while the male population was 629,197. The rural population was 876,484 against an urban population of 410,267 (about 47% of the rural population).[2]

Economy and development

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Farming, aquaculture and industries are some of the economic activities of the province. In 2008, as against the national figure of 7,592 cooperatives of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery cooperatives, there are 83 agriculture cooperatives in the province.[9][10] There were 638 farms as against the national number of 120,699 in 2008.[11] The output value of agriculture produce at constant 1994 prices in the province was 1667.1 billion đồngs against the national value of 156681.9 billion đồngs.[12] The province produced 410,400 tonnes of cereals as against the national production of 43.68 million tonnes.[13] The per capita production of cereals in the province was 356.9 kg as against the national figure of 501.9 kg in 2007.[14] In 2007, the industrial output of the province was 11,987.5 Bhilldongs against the national output of 1.47 million Bhilldongs.[15]

Irrigation and hydroelectric power

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Núi Cốc reservoir is 25 km west of Thái Nguyên city. It covers an area of 2,500 hectares (6,200 acres) with 23 metres (75 ft) deep waters that can store 175 million cubic metres. The lake waters feeds an irrigation canal and a hydroelectric power station with three units of 630 KW capacity each, for a total output of about 2 GW. The irrigation system was built in 1977. The power plant construction on the irrigation canal was started in Jan 2008 and the plant commissioned in Jan 2010. A 22 kV transmission line carries the power to a nearby grid.[16][17]

Transport

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Two railway lines serve Thái Nguyên Province, and particularly the city of Thái Nguyên. The first line connects Hanoi Railway Station to Quán Triều Railway Station (Quán Triều Ward), and the second connects Lưu Xá Railway Station (Phú Xá Ward) to Hạ Long Railway Station, Hạ Long, via a railway junction at Kép in Bắc Giang province. Both lines were built after the First Indochina War; unlike most railway lines in Vietnam, which were established in metre gauge, the 163 km (101 mi) Luu Xa–Hạ Long line was built at standard gauge, and the 75 km (47 mi) Hanoi–Quán Triều line was built at mixed gauge. The rail spur connecting Luu Xa and Kép was a strategic line constructed between October 1965 and December 1966 by a railroad engineering division of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, who operated in North Vietnam repairing railway lines at the request of Ho Chi Minh.[18]

Administrative divisions

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Thái Nguyên map before 2025

Thái Nguyên is subdivided into 92 commune, wards.

Before 2025, there are 9 district-level sub-divisions and 178 commune-level sub-divisions:

Administrative divisions of Thái Nguyên
NamePopulationCommune-level sub-divisions
Cities (3)
Thái Nguyên362,92121 wards, 11 communes
Phổ Yên220,96313 wards, 5 communes
Sông Công146,1207 wards, 3 communes
District (6)
Đại Từ District160,5982 towns, 28 communes
NamePopulationCommune-level sub-divisions
Định Hóa District90,6001 town, 22 communes
Đồng Hỷ District90,7092 towns, 13 communes
Phú Bình District144,9081 town, 19 communes
Phú Lương District94,2032 towns, 13 communes
Võ Nhai District68,0801 town, 14 communes

Attractions

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Some tourist attractions outside the capital city are listed below.

Núi Cốc Lake

Tour boats circle the lake, recounting local legends and visiting some of the 89 islands within it. Some islands feature historic remains, protected breeding sites for birds, or feral goats. In March 2007, an eco-tourism park was developed beside the lake. It features musical fountains, an animal park, and a Fairy Tale House Underworld and Water park.[19][20][21][22]

Phuong Hoang cave

Phuong Hoang (Phoenix) cave is located at a distance of 40 km from Thái Nguyên city. The cave has four chambers where stalagmite and stalactite formations can be seen. Two of the caves admit some sunlight when the sun is at the right angle. Otherwise, artificial light is required to see the Hisinterior.[20]

Historical Safe Zone

Historical Safe Zone (An toàn khu – ATK) locates in Định Hóa district. This was the place where President Ho Chi Minh had lived for some years during the Resistance War against France (1945–1954).[23]

Cuisine

Besides its tea, the province is known for such local culinary specialties as bún chả and phở noodle dishes, Định Hóa rice, Dầy cake, Cooc mo cake, Úc Kỳ sticky rice sauce, Smoked Meat, Phở Chua.[24] Another food is Bánh chưng from Bờ Đậu village about 10 km north of Thái Nguyên City in Phú Lương District, where both sides of the road are lined with shops selling the local specialty made from glutinous rice cake, mung bean puree, and pork wrapped in aromatic leaves (usually Stachyphrynium placentarium, sometimes banana) and tied up with string made from a kind of bamboo, which can be used to slice the rice cake into portions for sharing. Tết is the village's busiest season.[25]

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References

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  1. ↑ Biểu số 4.1: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Trung du và miền núi phía Bắc năm 2022 [Table 4.1: Current land use status in the Northern Midlands and Mountains in 2022] (PDF) (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam). 18 October 2023. – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
  2. 1 2 3 General Statistics Office of Vietnam (2019). "Completed Results of the 2019 Viet Nam Population and Housing Census" (PDF). Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam). ISBN 978-604-75-1532-5.[dead link]
  3. ↑ Also called Kinh people
  4. ↑ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Thái Nguyên năm 2018". Cục Thống kê tỉnh Thái Nguyên. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  5. ↑ "Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Retrieved September 28, 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Introduction". Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2011-08-27. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
  7. ↑ "Introduction (Giới thiệu chung vềam Thái Nguyên". Thai Nguyen, Government of Vietnam. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
  8. 1 2 "Tam Dao National Park". Footprints Vietnam. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
  9. ↑ "Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Number of cooperatives by province". Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  10. ↑ "Number of cooperatives in 2008 by kind of activity and by province: Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery". Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  11. ↑ "Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Number of farms by province". Population and Employment:General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  12. ↑ "Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery :Output value of agriculture at constant 1994 prices". Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  13. ↑ "Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery:Production of cereals by province". Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  14. ↑ "Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery:Production of cereals per capita by province". Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-11-13. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  15. ↑ "Industry: Industrial output value at current prices by province". Population and Employment: General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam. Archived from the original on 2009-08-31. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
  16. ↑ "Hydroelectric Power Plants in Vietnam". Ho Nui Coc. Powerplants Around the World. Archived from the original on 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
  17. ↑ "Project Design Document Form (CDM-SSC-PDD)". Hui Noc Hydroelectric Project, Vietnam. CDM Executive Board. p. 3. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
  18. ↑ Xiaobing Li, Robert McMahon (2010). Voices from the Vietnam War: Stories from American, Asian, and Russian Veterans. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 216–222. ISBN 978-0-8131-2592-3.
  19. ↑ "Nui Coc lake – a romantic legend – Thai Nguyen Province". Vietnam Travel 360. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011. Retrieved 2010-06-29.
  20. 1 2 Ray, Nick; Wendy Yanagihara (2005). Nui Coc Lake. Lonely Planet. p. 146. ISBN 1-74059-677-3. Retrieved 2010-06-25. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  21. ↑ "Travel to Nui Coc Lake". Footprint Vietnam Travel. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2010-06-25.
  22. ↑ "Nui Coc Reservoir". arcbc.org.ph. Le Dien Duc and the Fisheries Department of Bac Thai province. Archived from the original on 2008-11-19. Retrieved 2010-06-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  23. ↑ "Định Hóa Safety Zone". Asia King Travel.
  24. ↑ "About Thai Nguyen". Asia King Travel. Retrieved 2026-08-27.
  25. ↑ "Làng bánh chưng Bờ Đậu bắt đầu đỏ lửa". VPG News (Government Web Portal). 22 January 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-01-28. Retrieved 2012-06-30.
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