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List of heads of state of Argentina

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President of the Argentine Nation
Presidente de la Nación Argentina
Presidential Standard
Incumbent
Javier Milei
since 10 December 2023
StyleExcelentísimo Señor (m) Excelentísima Señora (f)
ResidenceCasa Rosada (government office)
Quinta de Olivos (official residence)
Chapadmalal Residence (summer house)
Term length
  • Four years, renewable once
Inaugural holderBernardino Rivadavia
Formationfirst: 1826 Constitution
current: 1853 Constitution
(amended in 1994)
DeputyVice President
SalaryAR$4,066,018 / US$2,842 monthly (as of January 2026)[1]
Websitecasarosada.gob.ar

Argentina has had many different types of heads of state, as well as many different types of government. During pre-Columbian times, most of the territories that today form Argentina were inhabited by Amerindian peoples without any centralized government, with the exception of the Inca subjects of the Northwest and Cuyo regions. During the Spanish colonization of the Americas, the King of Spain retained the ultimate authority over the territories conquered in the New World, appointing viceroys for local government. The territories that would later become Argentina were first part of the Viceroyalty of Peru and then the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. The May Revolution started the Argentine War of Independence by replacing the viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros with the first national government. It was the Primera Junta, a junta of several members, which would grow into the Junta Grande with the incorporation of provincial deputies. The size of the juntas gave room to internal political disputes among their members, so they were replaced by the First and Second Triumvirate, of three members. The Assembly of the Year XIII created a new executive authority, with attributions similar to that of a head of state, called the Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. A second Assembly, the Congress of Tucumán, declared independence in 1816 and promulgated the Argentine Constitution of 1819. However, this constitution was repealed during armed conflicts between the central government and the Federal League Provinces. This started a period known as the Anarchy of the Year XX, when Argentina lacked any type of head of state.

There was a new attempt to organize a central government in 1826. A new congress wrote a new constitution and elected Bernardino Rivadavia as President in the process.[2] Rivadavia was the first President of Argentina. However, he resigned shortly after and the 1826 Constitution was repealed. The Argentine provinces then organized themselves as a confederation without a central head of state. In this organization, the governors of Buenos Aires province took some duties such as the payment of external debt or the administration of the foreign relations in the name of all provinces.[3] Those governors were appointed by the Buenos Aires legislature, with the only exception of Juan Lavalle. Juan Manuel de Rosas kept the governor office for seventeen consecutive years until Justo José de Urquiza defeated him at the 1852 Battle of Caseros. Urquiza then called for a new Constitutional Assembly and promulgated the Argentine Constitution of 1853, which is the current Constitution of Argentina through amendments. In 1854, Urquiza became the first President of modern Argentina, acting both as head of government and head of state.[4] However, the Buenos Aires Province had rejected the Constitution and became an independent state until the aftermath of the 1859 Battle of Cepeda, although the internecine conflict continued. Only after the subsequent Battle of Pavón in 1861, the former bonaerense leader Bartolomé Mitre became the first president of a unified Argentine Republic.[5]

The succession line of constitutional presidents run uninterrupted until 1930, when José Félix Uriburu took government through a civic-military coup d'état. For many decades, there was an alternance between legitimate presidents and others that took government through illegitimate means. Those means included military coups, but also proscriptions of major political parties[6] and electoral fraud.[6][7] The last coup d'état occurred in 1976 and resulted in the National Reorganization Process, which ended in 1983. The retrospective recognition as presidents or heads of state of any de facto ruler that exercised its authority outside the Constitutional mandate is a controversial and relevant issue in Argentine politics.[8][9][10] However, their government actions were recognized as valid following the de facto government doctrine that used to legitimize them.[11] This doctrine was rejected by the 1994 amendment and would not be applicable for potential future coups. The current head of state is President Javier Milei, who took office on 10 December 2023.

Affiliation keys

[edit]
Abbreviation Party name (English) Party name (Spanish) Years
Unitarian Unitarian Party Partido Unitario 1826–1827, 1828–1829
Federal Federalist Party Partido Federal 1827–1828, 1829–1861
Liberal Liberal Party Partido Liberal 1862–1868
— Independent politician Político independiente 1868–1874
PAN National Autonomist Party Partido Autonomista Nacional 1874–1916
UCR Radical Civic Union Unión Cívica Radical 1916–1930, 1958–1966, 1983–1989, 1999–2001
Military Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic Fuerzas Armadas de la República Argentina 1930–1932, 1943–1946, 1955–1958, 1966–1973, 1976–1983
Concordancia Concordancia Concordancia 1932–1943
PJ Justicialist Party Partido Justicialista 1946–1955, 1973–1976, 1989–1999, 2001–2015, 2019–2023
PRO Republican Proposal Propuesta Republicana 2015–2019
PL Libertarian Party Partido Libertario 2023–present

United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (1810–1831)

[edit]

Junta presidents (1810–1811)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Notes R.
Start End Time in office
Cornelio Saavedra
(1759–1829)		 25 May 1810 18 December 1810 217 days President of the Primera Junta, at the beginning of the Argentine War of Independence. He is regarded as the first president of a national government.[12] [13]
18 December 1810 26 August 1811 140 days President of the Junta Grande. Left to serve in the Army of the North.
Domingo Matheu
(1765–1831)		 26 August 1811 23 September 1811 13 days President of the Junta Grande, from Saavedra's departure to the dissolution of it. [14]

Triumvirates (1811–1814)

[edit]
First Triumvirate
23 September 1811 – 8 October 1812
23 September 1811 – 23 March 1812 23 March 1812 – 8 October 1812

Feliciano Chiclana
(1761–1826)

Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849)

Juan José Paso
(1758–1833)
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
(1776–1850)
Second Triumvirate
8 October 1812 – 31 January 1814
8 October 1812 – 20 February 1813 20 February 1813 – 19 August 1813 19 August 1813 – 5 November 1813 5 November 1813 – 31 January 1814

Nicolás Rodríguez Peña
(1775–1853)

Antonio Álvarez Jonte
(1784–1820)
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas
(1757–1833)

Juan José Paso
(1758–1833)
José Julián Pérez
(1770–1840)
Juan Larrea
(1782–1847)

Supreme Directors (1814–1820)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Notes R.
Start End Time in office
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas
(1757–1833)		 31 January 1814 9 January 1815 343 days Chosen by the Assembly of the Year 1813. [15]
Carlos María de Alvear
(1789–1852)		 9 January 1815 18 April 1815 99 days Forced to resign by a mutiny. [16]


 José de San Martín
(1778–1850)

Matías de Irigoyen
(1781–1839)

Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849)		 18 April 1815 20 April 1815 2 days Third Triumvirate. Interim government until the appointment of a new Supreme Director.
José Rondeau
(1773–1844)		 20 April 1815 21 April 1815 1 day Appointed successor of Alvear, could not take office because he was in command of the Army of the North [17]
Ignacio Álvarez Thomas
(1787–1857)		 21 April 1815 16 April 1816 361 days Acting, for Rondeau. Convened the Congress of Tucumán, that would declare Independence. [18]
Antonio González de Balcarce
(1774–1819)		 16 April 1816 9 July 1816 84 days Interim. [19]
Juan Martín de Pueyrredón
(1776–1850)		 9 July 1816 9 June 1819 2 years, 335 days First Argentine Head of State after the Argentine Declaration of Independence. Supported the Crossing of the Andes. [20]
José Rondeau
(1773–1844)		 9 June 1819 1 February 1820 237 days Decisively defeated at the Battle of Cepeda by Federalist forces opposed to the 1819 centralist Constitution. [21]
Juan Pedro Aguirre
(1781–1837)		 1 February 1820 11 February 1820 10 days Interim. Dissolved the National Congress and endorsed the Buenos Aires Cabildo to choose a Governor for Buenos Aires Province instead of the previous post of Governor Mayor.

Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1820–1826)

[edit]

Between 1820 and 1826, the United Provinces functioned as a loose alliance of autonomous provinces put together by pacts and treaties (see Treaty of Pilar, Treaty of Benegas, Quadrilateral Treaty), but lacking any actual central government until the 1825 Constitutional Congress.

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Notes
 R.
Start End Duration
Matías de Irigoyen
(1781–1839)		 11 February 1820 18 February 1820 7 days He had been Governor Mayor from 9 to 11 February 1820 and was promoted interim as Governor until the appointment of Manuel de Sarratea.
Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849)		 18 February 1820 6 March 1820[a] 17 days The political crisis that existed in the country led to his government lacked support from both Buenos Aires and the other provinces. Thus he resigned shortly afterwards.
Juan Ramón Balcarce
(1773–1836)		 6 March 1820 11 March 1820[a] 5 days Interim.
Manuel de Sarratea
(1774–1849)		 11 March 1820 2 May 1820[a] 52 days He returned to office after the end of the brief government of Balcarce. The circumstances did not improve and ended up resigning a second time.
Ildefonso Ramos Mexía
(1769–1854)		 2 May 1820 20 June 1820 49 days
Ildefonso Ramos Mexía and Miguel Estanislao Soler 20 June 1820 23 June 1820 3 days They took power simultaneously.
Miguel Estanislao Soler
(1783–1849)		 23 June 1820 29 June 1820 6 days He assumed de facto, after an armed uprising, but his government lasted a few days, when the Board of Representatives appointed Manuel Dorrego.
Manuel Dorrego
(1787–1828)		 29 June 1820 20 September 1820 83 days Interim.
Martín Rodríguez
(1771–1845)		 20 September 1820 2 April 1824 3 years, 195 days He signed the Treaty of Benegas and the Quadrilateral.
Juan Gregorio de las Heras
(1780–1866)		 2 April 1824 7 February 1826[a] 1 year, 311 days He called a Constituent Congress that enacted several laws for which the Unitary Republic was proclaimed.

First presidential government (1826–1827)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Elections Political
party		 Notes R.
Start End Duration
Bernardino Rivadavia
(1780–1845)		 8 February 1826 27 June 1827 1 year, 139 days 1826 Unitarian Elected by the Constituent Assembly of 1826, before the promulgation of the 1826 constitution.[2] Waged the Cisplatine War. Resigned as the Constitution was rejected by the provinces and the outcome of the war generated popular discontent. [2]: 23–32 
Vicente López y Planes
(1785–1856)		 7 July 1827 18 August 1827 42 days — Elected as interim president by the Constituent Assembly of 1826. His mandate was limited to close the Assembly and call for elections for a new governor of Buenos Aires. [2]

Governors of Buenos Aires Province managing international relations (1827–1831)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political
party		 Notes R.
Start End Duration
Manuel Dorrego
(1787–1828)		 18 August 1827 1 December 1828[b] 1 year, 105 days Federal Ended the Cisplatine War. Later executed by Juan Lavalle. [22]
Juan Lavalle
(1797–1841)		 1 December 1828 26 June 1829[a] 207 days Unitarian Defeated in battle, resigned under siege [23]
Juan José Viamonte
(1774–1843)		 26 June 1829 6 December 1829 163 days Federal Interim. [24]
Juan Manuel de Rosas
(1793–1877)
First term		 6 December 1829 4 January 1831 1 year, 29 days Federal Convened the Federal Pact and waged war against the Unitarian League. [25]

Argentine Confederation (1831–1861)

[edit]

Governors managing international relations (1831–1852)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of Office Political
party		 Notes R.
Start End Duration
Juan Manuel de Rosas
(1793–1877)
First term		 4 January 1831 5 December 1832[a] 1 year, 336 days Federal Governor of Buenos Aires Province. Convened the Federal Pact and waged war against the Unitarian League. [25]
Juan Ramón Balcarce
(1773–1836)		 5 December 1832 4 November 1833[b] 334 days Federal Governor of Buenos Aires Province. Ousted by the Revolution of the Restorers. [26]
Juan José Viamonte
(1774–1843)		 4 November 1833 27 June 1834 235 days Federal Governor of Buenos Aires Province. Interim. [27]
Manuel Vicente Maza
(1779–1839)		 27 June 1834 7 March 1835[a] 253 days Federal Governor of Buenos Aires Province. Interim as president of the legislature [28]
Juan Manuel de Rosas
(1793–1877)
Second term		 7 March 1835 3 February 1852[a] 16 years, 333 days Federal Governor of Buenos Aires Province with the sum of public power; it is usually considered as a coup. Waged the Argentine and Uruguayan Civil Wars, the War of the Confederation and the French and Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata. Designated "Supreme Chief of the Argentine Confederation" in 1851. Defeated by Justo José de Urquiza at the Battle of Caseros. [29]
Vicente López y Planes
(1785–1856)		 3 February 1852 6 April 1852 63 days — Governor of Buenos Aires Province. Interim. From 6 April through 26 July 1852 remained as Governor of Buenos Aires Province, but without national powers.
Justo José de Urquiza
(1801–1870)		 6 April 1852 31 May 1852 55 days Federal Governor of Entre Ríos Province in charge of the foreign relations of the Confederation.

Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation (1852–1854)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Political
party		 Notes R.
Start End Duration
Justo José de Urquiza
(1801–1870)		 31 May 1852 5 March 1854 1 year, 278 days Federal Simultaneously, Governor of Entre Ríos Province and of Buenos Aires Province (from 26 July 1852 to 4 September 1852). On 11 September 1852, the Province of Buenos Aires seceded from the Confederation as the State of Buenos Aires. On 1 May 1853, the current Constitution of Argentina was ratified by all the provinces, except from Buenos Aires. [30]

Presidents of the Confederation (1854–1861)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Elections Political
party		 Notes Vice President R.
Start End Duration
Justo José de Urquiza
(1801–1870)		 5 March 1854 5 March 1860 6 years, 0 days 1853 Federal Indirect elections. First constitutional President of Argentina. The reincoporation of the State of Buenos Aires was negotiated after the 1859 Battle of Cepeda in the Pact of San José de Flores. Salvador María del Carril [30]
Santiago Derqui
(1809–1867)		 5 March 1860 5 November 1861[a] 1 year, 245 days 1859 Federal Indirect elections. On 18 October 1860, a Constitutional reform is adopted, proclaiming the Argentine Republic. Resigned after the failure of the Pact of San José de Flores and the national government defeat to Buenos Aires Province in the Battle of Pavón. Juan Esteban Pedernera [31]
Juan Esteban Pedernera
(1796–1886)		 5 November 1861 12 December 1861[a] 37 days Constitutional succession Unitarian
[citation needed]		 Vacant [31]

Argentine Republic (1861–present)

[edit]

Presidents (1861–present)

[edit]
Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Elections Political
party
(Coalition)		 Notes Vice President R.
Start End Duration
Bartolomé Mitre
(1821–1906)		 12 December 1861 12 April 1862 6 years, 305 days — Liberal Governor of Buenos Aires Province de facto in charge of the national government after the Battle of Pavón and the resignation of Juan Esteban Pedernera. During the following months, the provinces gave Mitre different powers.[c] Vacant [32]
12 April 1862 2 June 1862 Self-appointed "Governor of Buenos Aires Province in charge of the National Executive Power". [33]
2 June 1862 12 October 1862 The National Congress appointed the Governor of Buenos Aires as the person in charge of the National Executive Power until elections were held. [34]
12 October 1862 12 October 1868 1862 Liberal
↓
Nationalist		 Indirect elections with Mitre as the only candidate. First president of the unified country. Waged the War of the Triple Alliance. Marcos Paz †[d] [35]
Marcos Paz
(1811–1868)		 12 June 1865 2 January 1868 †[e] 2 years, 204 days — Liberal Served as Acting President while Mitre was commanding forces during the War of the Triple Alliance. Himself
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
(1811–1888)		 12 October 1868 12 October 1874 6 years, 0 days 1868 — Indirect elections. Ended the War of the Triple Alliance. Adolfo Alsina [35]
Nicolás Avellaneda
(1837–1885)		 12 October 1874 12 October 1880 6 years, 0 days 1874 National
↓
PAN		 Indirect elections. Federalization of Buenos Aires City in September 1880. Mariano Acosta [35]
Julio Argentino Roca
(1843–1914)
First term		 12 October 1880 12 October 1886 6 years, 0 days 1880 PAN Indirect elections. End of the Argentine Civil Wars. Francisco Bernabé Madero [36]
Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman
(1844–1909)		 12 October 1886 6 August 1890[a][f] 3 years, 298 days 1886 PAN Indirect elections. Carlos Pellegrini [37]
Carlos Pellegrini
(1846–1906)		 6 August 1890 12 October 1892 2 years, 67 days Constitutional succession PAN Vacant [37]
Luis Sáenz Peña
(1822–1907)		 12 October 1892 22 January 1895[a] 2 years, 102 days 1892 PAN Indirect elections. Government victory in the Revolution of 1893. José Evaristo Uriburu [38]
José Evaristo Uriburu
(1831–1914)		 22 January 1895 12 October 1898 3 years, 263 days Constitutional succession PAN Vacant [38]
Julio Argentino Roca
(1843–1914)
Second term		 12 October 1898 12 October 1904 6 years, 0 days 1898 PAN Indirect elections. Norberto Quirno Costa [39]
Manuel Quintana
(1835–1906)		 12 October 1904 12 March 1906 †[g] 1 year, 151 days 1904 PAN Indirect elections. Government victory in the Revolution of 1905. José Figueroa Alcorta [40]
José Figueroa Alcorta
(1860–1931)		 25 January 1906 12 March 1906 4 years, 260 days Constitutional succession PAN Acting president during Quintana's illness. Himself [40]
12 March 1906 12 October 1910 Vacant
Roque Sáenz Peña
(1851–1914)		 12 October 1910 9 August 1914 †[g] 3 years, 301 days 1910 PAN
Modernist		 Indirect elections. Promoted the Sáenz Peña law, which allowed secret, universal and mandatory suffrage. Victorino de la Plaza [41]
Victorino de la Plaza
(1840–1919)		 9 August 1914 12 October 1916 2 years, 64 days Constitutional succession PAN Vacant [41]
Hipólito Yrigoyen
(1852–1933)
First term		 12 October 1916 12 October 1922 6 years, 0 days 1916 UCR Free indirect elections. First president elected under the Sáenz Peña law. Maintained neutrality during World War I. Pelagio Luna †[h] [42]
Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
(1868–1942)		 12 October 1922 12 October 1928 6 years, 0 days 1922 UCR Free indirect elections. Elpidio González [42]
Hipólito Yrigoyen
(1852–1933)
Second term		 12 October 1928 6 September 1930[b] 1 year, 329 days 1928 UCR Free indirect elections. Enrique Martínez [43]
Enrique Martínez
(1887–1938)		 5 September 1930 6 September 1930[b] 1 day Constitutional succession UCR Acting president during Yrigoyen's illness. Himself
José Félix Uriburu
(1868–1932)		 6 September 1930 20 February 1932 1 year, 167 days Coup d'état Military
(ALN)		 First coup d'état in modern Argentine history. Beginning of the Infamous Decade. Called for elections. Enrique Santamarina[i] [44]
Agustín Pedro Justo
(1876–1943)		 20 February 1932 20 February 1938 6 years, 0 days 1931[j][k] UCR-A
(Concordancia)		 Indirect elections. Julio Argentino Pascual Roca [6]
[45]
Roberto Marcelino Ortiz
(1886–1942)		 20 February 1938 27 June 1942[a][l] 4 years, 127 days 1937[j] UCR-A
(Concordancia)		 Indirect elections. Ramón Castillo [7]
[46]
Ramón Castillo
(1873–1944)		 3 July 1940 27 June 1942 2 years, 336 days Constitutional succession PDN
(Concordancia)		 Acting president during Ortiz's illness. Himself [7]
27 June 1942 4 June 1943[b] End of the Infamous Decade. Vacant
Arturo Rawson
(1885–1952)		 4 June 1943 7 June 1943[b] 3 days Coup d'état Military
(GOU–affiliated)		 Beginning of the Revolution of '43. [47]
[7]
Pedro Pablo Ramírez
(1884–1962)		 7 June 1943 9 March 1944[a] 276 days Coup d'etat Military
(GOU–affiliated)		 Sabá Sueyro †[m] [7]
Edelmiro Julián Farrell
Edelmiro Julián Farrell
(1887–1980)		 25 February 1944[n] 9 March 1944 2 years, 99 days Constitutional succession Military
(GOU–affiliated)		 Acting president. Himself [7]
9 March 1944 4 June 1946 Declared war on the Axis powers. End of the Revolution of '43. Vacant
Juan Perón[o]
Juan Pistarini
Juan Perón
(1895–1974)
First and Second terms		 4 June 1946 4 June 1952 9 years, 109 days 1946 Labour
(UCR-JR)
(Independent Party)		 Free indirect elections. First term. Reelection enabled by the Constitution of 1949. Hortensio Quijano †[p] [48]
4 June 1952 21 September 1955[b] 1951 Peronist Free direct elections. Second term. First election to allow women's suffrage. Victory with 62.49% of votes, highest victory in Argentine elections. Alberto Teisaire[q]
Eduardo Lonardi
(1896–1956)		 16 September 1955 23 September 1955 58 days Revolución Libertadora Military Self-appointed as "Provisional President of the Nation"; from 19 September 1955 until 23 September 1955, the office was disputed with José Domingo Molina Gómez, the leader of the military junta. Vacant [49]
23 September 1955 13 November 1955[b] Lonardi is sworn in as president. Isaac Rojas
Pedro Eugenio Aramburu
(1903–1970)		 13 November 1955 1 May 1958 2 years, 169 days Coup d'état Military The 1949 Constitution is repealed and the 1853 Constitution is restored. End of the Revolución Libertadora. Isaac Rojas [49]
Arturo Frondizi
(1908–1995)		 1 May 1958 29 March 1962[b] 3 years, 332 days 1958[r] UCRI Indirect elections. Alejandro Gómez[s] [50]
José María Guido
(1910–1975)		 29 March 1962 12 October 1963 1 year, 197 days Coup d'état UCRI Provisional President of the Senate exercising the Executive Power, as the civil procedures to replace the deposed president were followed and Vice President Alejandro Gómez had resigned in 1958. Vacant [51]
[50]
Arturo Umberto Illia
(1900–1983)		 12 October 1963 28 June 1966[b] 2 years, 259 days 1963[r] UCRP Indirect elections. Carlos Humberto Perette [52]
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 28 June 1966 29 June 1966 1 day Coup d'état Military Vacant
Juan Carlos Onganía
(1914–1995)		 29 June 1966 8 June 1970[t] 3 years, 344 days Appointed by the Junta Military President during the Cordobazo. [52]
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 8 June 1970 18 June 1970 10 days Coup d'état Military
Roberto Marcelo Levingston
(1920–2015)		 18 June 1970 23 March 1971[u] 278 days Appointed by the Junta Military [52]
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 23 March 1971 26 March 1971 3 days Coup d'état Military
Alejandro Agustín Lanusse
(1918–1996)		 26 March 1971 25 May 1973 2 years, 60 days Appointed by the Junta Military End of the Argentine Revolution. Called for elections. Peronism ban lifted.
Héctor José Cámpora
(1909–1980)		 25 May 1973 13 July 1973[a] 49 days March
1973		 PJ
(FREJULI)		 Free direct elections. Because no candidate was able to get 50% of the votes needed to win, a runoff should have taken place between Cámpora and Ricardo Balbín, but Balbín decided to withdraw his candidacy, making Cámpora president. First Peronist president after the ban. Cámpora annulled the ban that remained specifically over Juan Perón. Vicente Solano Lima[a] [53]
Raúl Alberto Lastiri
(1915–1978)		 13 July 1973 12 October 1973 91 days Constitutional succession PJ
(FREJULI)		 President of the Chamber of Deputies exercising the Executive Power. Alejandro Díaz Bialet, President of the Senate and ahead of Lastiri in the succession line, was on a diplomatic mission in Africa at that time. Vacant [54]
[53]
Juan Perón
(1895–1974)
Third term		 12 October 1973 1 July 1974 †[g] 262 days Sept.
1973		 PJ
(FREJULI)		 Free direct elections. Isabel Perón [53]
Isabel Perón
(born 1931)		 29 June 1974 1 July 1974 1 year, 239 days Constitutional succession PJ
(FREJULI)		 Acting president during Juan's illness. Herself [55]
1 July 1974 24 March 1976[b] First female president in the Americas. From 13 September 1975 until 16 October 1975, Provisional President of the Senate Ítalo Argentino Luder exercised the Executive Power, due to Perón's health problems. Vacant
Military Junta 24 March 1976 29 March 1976 5 days Coup d'état Military
Jorge Rafael Videla
(1925–2013)		 29 March 1976 29 March 1981 5 years, 0 days Appointed by the Junta Military President of the Military Junta. Longest government of a de facto ruler. [56]
Roberto Eduardo Viola
(1924–1994)		 29 March 1981 11 December 1981[v] 257 days Appointed by Videla Military President of the Military Junta [56]
Horacio Tomás Liendo
(1924–2007)		 21 November 1981[w] 11 December 1981 20 days Appointed by the Junta Military Acting president during Viola suspension.
Carlos Lacoste
(1929–2004)		 11 December 1981 22 December 1981 11 days Appointed by the Junta Military Interim President of the Military Junta
Leopoldo Galtieri
(1926–2003)		 22 December 1981 18 June 1982[x] 178 days Appointed by the Junta Military President of the Military Junta. Waged the Falklands War. [56]
Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean
(1926–1987)		 18 June 1982 1 July 1982 13 days Appointed by the Junta Military Interim President of the Military Junta
Reynaldo Bignone
(1928–2018)		 1 July 1982 10 December 1983 1 year, 162 days Appointed by the Junta Military President of the Military Junta. End of the National Reorganization Process. Called for elections. [56]
(Presidency)
Raúl Alfonsín
(1927–2009)		 10 December 1983 8 July 1989[a] 5 years, 210 days 1983 UCR Free indirect elections. Víctor Hipólito Martínez [57]
(Presidency)
Carlos Menem
(1930–2021)		 8 July 1989[y] 8 July 1995 10 years, 155 days 1989 PJ
(FREJUPO)		 Free indirect elections. Eduardo Duhalde[z] [58]
8 July 1995 10 December 1999[aa] 1995[ab] PJ
(UCeDe)		 Carlos Ruckauf
(Presidency)
Fernando de la Rúa
(1937–2019)		 10 December 1999 21 December 2001[a][ac] 2 years, 11 days 1999 UCR
(Alianza)		 Free direct elections. Carlos Álvarez[ad] [59]
Ramón Puerta
(born 1951)		 21 December 2001 23 December 2001 2 days Constitutional succession PJ Provisional President of the Senate exercising the Executive Power. Vacant [60]
Adolfo Rodríguez Saá
(born 1947)		 23 December 2001 30 December 2001[a] 7 days Elected by Congress[ae] PJ Elected by the Congress for three months, with instructions to call for elections. [61]
Eduardo Camaño
(born 1946)		 30 December 2001 2 January 2002 3 days Constitutional succession PJ President of the Chamber of Deputies exercising the Executive Power. [62]
Eduardo Duhalde
(born 1941)		 2 January 2002 25 May 2003 1 year, 143 days Elected by the Congress PJ Called early elections for 27 April 2003. [61]
(Presidency)
Néstor Kirchner
(1950–2010)		 25 May 2003 10 December 2003 4 years, 199 days 2003[af] PJ
(FPV)		 Free direct elections. Completed the remaining months of De la Rúa's term. Daniel Scioli [63]
10 December 2003 10 December 2007 Started own mandate.
(Presidency)
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
(born 1953)		 10 December 2007 10 December 2011 8 years, 0 days 2007 PJ
(FPV)		 Free direct elections. First elected female president of Argentina. Julio Cobos [64]
10 December 2011 10 December 2015[ag] 2011 PJ
(FPV)		 Amado Boudou [65]
Federico Pinedo
(born 1955)		 10 December 2015 10 December 2015 11:45 hs — PRO
(Cambiemos)		 Provisional President of the Senate exercising the Executive Power. Vacant [65]
(Presidency)
Mauricio Macri
(born 1959)		 10 December 2015[ah] 10 December 2019 4 years, 0 days 2015 PRO
(Cambiemos)		 Free direct elections. First president elected in a ballotage. Gabriela Michetti [65]
(Presidency)
Alberto Fernández
(born 1959)		 10 December 2019 10 December 2023 4 years, 0 days 2019 PJ
(FdT)		 Free direct elections. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
(Presidency)
Javier Milei
(born 1970)		 10 December 2023 Incumbent 2 years, 306 days 2023 PL
↓
LLA		 Free direct elections. First libertarian head of state in the world. Victoria Villarruel

Timeline of head of states of Argentina by individual

[edit]

This is a graphical lifespan timeline of the heads of state of Argentina. They are listed in order of first assuming office.

Javier MileiAlberto FernándezMauricio MacriCristina Fernández de KirchnerNéstor KirchnerEduardo DuhaldeEduardo CamañoAdolfo Rodríguez SaáFernando de la RúaCarlos MenemRaúl AlfonsínReynaldo BignoneAlfredo Oscar Saint-JeanLeopoldo GaltieriCarlos Alberto LacosteHoracio Tomás LiendoRoberto Eduardo ViolaOrlando Ramón AgostiEmilio Eduardo MasseraJorge Rafael VidelaÍtalo LúderIsabel PerónRaúl Alberto LastiriHéctor José CámporaRoberto LevingstonCarlos Alberto ReyAlejandro LanussePedro Alberto José GnaviJuan Carlos OnganíaAdolfo Teodoro ÁlvarezBenigno Ignacio VarelaPascual PistariniArturo Umberto IlliaJosé María GuidoArturo FrondiziPedro Eugenio AramburuEduardo LonardiJuan PerónEdelmiro Julián FarrellPedro Pablo RamírezArturo RawsonRamón CastilloRoberto María OrtizAgustín Pedro JustoJosé Félix UriburuEnrique MartínezMarcelo Torcuato de AlvearHipólito YrigoyenVictorino de la PlazaRoque Sáenz PeñaJosé Figueroa AlcortaManuel QuintanaLuis Sáenz PeñaCarlos PellegriniMiguel Juárez CelmanJulio Argentino RocaNicolás AvellanedaDomingo Faustino SarmientoJosé Evaristo UriburuLucas González (politician)Marcelino UgarteGuillermo RawsonMarcos PazBartolomé MitreJuan Esteban PederneraSantiago DerquiJusto José de UrquizaManuel Vicente MazaJuan Manuel de RosasJuan José ViamonteJuan LavalleVicente López y PlanesBernardino RivadaviaJuan Gregorio de Las HerasMartín RodríguezManuel DorregoMiguel Estanislao SolerIldefonso Ramos MexíaJuan Ramón González BalcarceJuan Pedro AguirreAntonio González de BalcarceIgnacio Álvarez ThomasJosé RondeauMatías de IrigoyenJosé de San MartínCarlos María de AlvearJuan LarreaJosé Julián PérezGervasio Antonio de PosadasAntonio Álvarez JonteNicolás Rodríguez PeñaJuan Martín de PueyrredónJuan José PasoManuel de SarrateaFeliciano ChiclanaDomingo MatheuCornelio Saavedra

The following chart lists heads of state by lifespan (living heads of state on the green line), with the years outside of their tenure in beige. Heads of state with an unknown birth date or death date are shown with only their tenure or their earlier or later life.

Javier MileiAlberto FernándezMauricio MacriFederico PinedoCristina Fernández de KirchnerNéstor KirchnerEduardo DuhaldeEduardo CamañoAdolfo Rodríguez SaáRamón PuertaFernando de la RúaCarlos MenemRaúl AlfonsínReynaldo BignoneAlfredo Oscar Saint JeanLeopoldo GaltieriCarlos LacosteHoracio Tomás LiendoRoberto Eduardo ViolaOrlando Ramón AgostiEmilio Eduardo MasseraJorge Rafael VidelaIsabel PerónRaúl LastiriHéctor José CámporaRoberto Marcelo LevingstonCarlos Alberto ReyAlejandro Agustín LanussePedro Alberto José GnaviJuan Carlos OnganíaAdolfo Teodoro ÁlvarezBenigno Ignacio VarelaPascual PistariniArturo Umberto IlliaJosé María GuidoArturo FrondiziPedro Eugenio AramburuEduardo LonardiJuan PerónEdelmiro Julián FarrellPedro Pablo RamírezArturo RawsonRamón CastilloRoberto Marcelino OrtizAgustín Pedro JustoJosé Félix UriburuEnrique Martínez (politician)Marcelo Torcuato de AlvearHipólito YrigoyenVictorino de la PlazaRoque Sáenz PeñaJosé Figueroa AlcortaManuel QuintanaJosé Evaristo UriburuLuis Sáenz PeñaCarlos PellegriniMiguel Ángel JuárezJulio Argentino RocaNicolás AvellanedaDomingo Faustino SarmientoBartolomé MitreJuan Esteban PederneraSantiago DerquiJusto José de UrquizaManuel Vicente MazaJuan Manuel de RosasJuan José ViamonteJuan LavalleVicente López y PlanesBernardino RivadaviaJuan Gregorio de las HerasMartín Rodríguez (politician)Manuel DorregoMiguel Estanislao SolerIldefonso Ramos MexíaJuan Ramón BalcarceJuan Pedro AguirreAntonio González de BalcarceIgnacio Álvarez ThomasJosé RondeauMatías de IrigoyenJosé de San MartínCarlos María de AlvearJuan Larrea (politician)Gervasio Antonio de PosadasJosé Julián PérezAntonio Álvarez JonteNicolás Rodríguez PeñaJuan Martín de PueyrredónJuan José PasoManuel de SarrateaFeliciano ChiclanaDomingo MatheuCornelio Saavedra

The following chart shows heads of state by their age (living heads of state in green), with the years of their tenure in blue. The vertical black line at 30 years indicates the minimum age to be president.

Timeline of head of states of Argentina by affiliation

[edit]
│
1910
│
1920
│
1930
│
1940
│
1950
│
1960
│
1970
│
1980
│
1990
│
2000
│
2010
│
2010
│
2020
│
2030
│
2040
│
2050
│
2060
│
2070
│
2080
│
2090
│
2100
│
2110

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "Salarios de ministros y secretarios: cuánto cobran y qué se sabe del aumento otorgado por el Gobierno". www.chequeado.com (in Spanish). 2026-01-21.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Mendelevich, p. 28
  3. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 33
  4. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 24
  5. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 46
  6. 1 2 3 Mendelevich, p. 130—131
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mendelevich, p. 136
  8. ↑ Braslavsky, Guido (25 September 2008). "Alfonsín vuelve a la Casa Rosada para inaugurar su propia estatua" [Alfonsín returns to the Casa Rosada to open his own statue] (in Spanish). Clarín (newspaper). Archived from the original on 3 November 2008. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
  9. ↑ "Quieren quitar los nombres de militares de las calles" [They want to removemilitary names from the streets] (in Spanish). El Argentino. 21 November 2008. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
  10. ↑ Ginzberg, Victoria (19 January 2003). "Los protocolos y las decisiones políticas" [Protocols and political rulings] (in Spanish). Página/12. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
  11. ↑ Groisman, Enrique. "Los gobiernos de facto en el derecho argentino" [De facto governments in Argentine law] (PDF) (in Spanish). Centro de estudios políticos y constitucionales. Retrieved November 7, 2010.[permanent dead link]
  12. ↑ "Buenos Aires, diciembre 16 de 1829.- El primer comandante de Patricios, el primer presidente de un gobierno patrio, pudo sólo quedar olvidado en su fallecimiento por las circunstancias calamitosas en que el país se hallaba. Después que ellas han terminado, sería una ingratitud negar a ciudadano tan eminente el tributo de honor rendido a su mérito, y a una vida ilustrada con tantas virtudes, que supo consagrar entera al servicio de su patria. El gobierno, para cumplir un deber tan sagrado, acuerda y decreta: Artículo 1º: En el cementerio del Norte se levantará, por cuenta del gobierno, un monumento en que se depositarán los restos del brigadier general D. Cornelio Saavedra. Artículo 2º: Se archivará en la Biblioteca Pública un manuscrito autógrafo del mismo brigadier general, con arreglo a lo que previene el decreto de 6 de octubre de 1821. Artículo 3º: Comuníquese y publíquese. Rosas – Tomás Guido".
  13. ↑ Rosa, vol. II, p.199-306
  14. ↑ Rosa, vol. II, p. 306-319
  15. ↑ Rosa, Vol. III, p. 75-114
  16. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 114-129
  17. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 143
  18. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 143-160
  19. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 160
  20. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 161-242
  21. ↑ Rosa, vol. III, p. 242-253
  22. ↑ Rosa, vol. V, p.73-97
  23. ↑ Rosa, vol. IV, p.97-117
  24. ↑ Rosa, vol. IV, p 127-129
  25. 1 2 Rosa, vol. IV, p. 129-171
  26. ↑ Rosa. vol. IV, p. 186-196
  27. ↑ Rosa, vol. IV, p. 198-204
  28. ↑ Rosa, vol. IV, p. 206-213
  29. ↑ Rosa, vol. IV p. 219 – vol. V p. 489
  30. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 38-41
  31. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 42-45
  32. ↑ Diario de Sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados del Año 1862. Tomo Primero. Buenos Aires: La Tribuna. 1863. p. 43.
  33. ↑ Armagnague, Juan Fernando (1986). Historia del derecho: presidencias de Mitre, Sarmiento y Avellaneda. Mendoza: Ediciones Jurídicas Cuyo S.R.L. p. 17. ISBN 950-9099-09-0.
  34. ↑ Diario de Sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados del Año 1862. Tomo Primero. Buenos Aires: La Tribuna. 1863. p. 59.
  35. 1 2 3 Mendelevich, p.46-52
  36. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 53-56
  37. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 57-65
  38. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 66-72
  39. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 73-79
  40. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 80-88
  41. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 89-101
  42. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 102-112
  43. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 113-125
  44. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 126-129
  45. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 130-135
  46. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 136–155
  47. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 145
  48. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 156-176
  49. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 177-186
  50. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 187-195
  51. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 193
  52. 1 2 3 Mendelevich, p. 196-214
  53. 1 2 3 Mendelevich, p. 215-228
  54. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 223
  55. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 229-235
  56. 1 2 3 4 Mendelevich, p. 236-241
  57. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 242-245
  58. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 247-252
  59. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 253-262
  60. ↑ "La crisis política y económica. Renunció De la Rúa: el peronista Puerta está a cargo del Poder Ejecutivo". La Nación. 21 December 2001.
  61. 1 2 Mendelevich, p. 263-277
  62. ↑ "La crisis institucional. Eduardo Camaño asumió como presidente interino". La Nación. 31 December 2001.
  63. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 278-282
  64. ↑ Mendelevich, p. 283-292
  65. 1 2 3 "La jueza Servini declaró que el mandato de Mauricio Macri comienza a las 0 horas del día 10 de diciembre". Agencia de Noticias del Poder Judicial. 9 December 2015.

Notes

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Resigned from office.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ousted in coup d'état.
  3. ↑ Catamarca, Córdoba, Mendoza, Santa Fe, Salta, Santiago del Estero and Tucumán accept Mitre as the person in charge of the National Executive Power. Buenos Aires, San Juan and Jujuy only gave Mitre the authority to manage international relations, to convene the National Congress, and to rule on urgent internal business. Corrientes, La Rioja and San Luis only gave Mitre the authority to manage international relations and to convene the National Congress. Entre Ríos only gave Mitre the authority to convene the National Congress.
  4. ↑ Died on 2 January 1868 from Cholera epidemic.
  5. ↑ Died from Cholera epidemic.
  6. ↑ Resigned following the Revolution of the Park.
  7. 1 2 3 Died of Natural Causes.
  8. ↑ Died on 25 June 1919.
  9. ↑ Resigned 20 October 1930.
  10. 1 2 Election results are considered mired by fraudulent practices.
  11. ↑ UCR was barred from participating in the election.
  12. ↑ Died 1 month after resigning.
  13. ↑ Died 15 October 1943.
  14. ↑ On 25 February 1944, Ramírez temporarily delegated powers to Edelmiro Farrell.
  15. ↑ Was appointed Vice President and Secretary of War on 8 July 1944. He was forced to resign by the junta 10 October 1945 due to his rising popularity and was arrested 4 days later, but was released due to the mass demostrations on 17 October 1945.
  16. ↑ Died 3 April 1952.
  17. ↑ Took office on 7 May 1954 after winning the special election to replace Vice President Quijano who had died in 1952. Teisaire was forced to resign on 16 September 1955 as part of the Revolución Libertadora.
  18. 1 2 Peronist candidates were barred from participating in the election.
  19. ↑ Resigned 18 November 1958.
  20. ↑ Forced to resign by the junta.
  21. ↑ Forced to resign by the junta.
  22. ↑ Military Junta issued an ultimateum to Viola, urging him to resign. Viola refused to resign and the Junta deposed him.
  23. ↑ Viola had his powers and duties suspended by the junta on 21 November 1981 due to health problems.
  24. ↑ Removed from office by the Military Junta following his defeat in the Faklands War.
  25. ↑ Alfonsin resigned during the transition and gave power to Carlos Menem six months in advance.
  26. ↑ Resigned 10 December 1991.
  27. ↑ His term was extended to 10 December 1999 according to the Tenth Temporary Provision of the Constitution of 1994.
  28. ↑ A 1994 constitutional amendment reduced the presidential term from 6 to 4 years and allowed reelection for a single consecutive term.
  29. ↑ Faced a severe economic crisis. Resigned after the December 2001 riots. Because his Vice President Carlos Álvarez had resigned in October 2000, the Congress Assembled selected a new president.
  30. ↑ Resigned 6 October 2000.
  31. ↑ Because his Vice President Carlos Álvarez had resigned in October 2000, the Congress Assembled selected a new president.
  32. ↑ Kirchner finished second to Carlos Menem in the first round and because no one was able to get 45% of the votes needed to win, a runoff should have taken place, but Menem decided to withdraw his candidacy, making Kirchner president.
  33. ↑ By judicial ruling, her mandate ended 9 December 2015 at midnight.
  34. ↑ Although his mandate begun on 10 December 2015 at 00:00 hs., it was only after he swore in the Congress at 11:45 hs. that he took office as president.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Mendelevich, Pablo (2010). El Final (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Ediciones B. ISBN 978-987-627-166-0.
  • Rosa, José María (1974). Historia Argentina (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Oriente S.A.
  • Abal Medina (h.), Juan; Suárez Cao, Julieta (August 2003). "Análisis crítico del sistema electoral argentino. Evolución histórica y desempeño efectivo". Revista de Ciencias Sociales (in Spanish). 14. Bernal: National University of Quilmes.
[edit]
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