The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh is a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, New BCP, GMF, etc.
History
editThe Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group organised their own group of freedom fighters and fought against Pakistan and the Mukti Bahini.[7][8]
In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalism).[6] In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J (Purbo Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people.[9] In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002.[10] Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and also with rival Islamist groups like the JMJB.[11][12] In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government.[13] Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency.[4] After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.
Casualties
edit| Year | Deaths |
|---|---|
| 1993 | 34 |
| 1994 | 8 |
| 1995 | 2 |
| 2000 | 3 |
| 2001 | 3 |
| 2002 | 43 |
| 2003 | 133 |
| 2004 | 212 |
| 2005 | 193 |
| 2006 | 186 |
| 2007 | 72 |
| 2008 | 54 |
| 2009 | 86 |
| 2010 | 39 |
| 2011 | 19 |
| 2012 | 10 |
| 2013 | 24 |
| 2014 | 12 |
| 2015 | 14 |
| 2016 | 17 |
| 2017 | 13 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 3 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2022 | 0 |
| 2023 | 0 |
| 2024 | 0 |
| 2025 | 3 |
| Total | 1,191+[14][1] |
From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.
See also
editReferences
edit- 1 2 3 4 5 "Datasheet - Left-wing Extremism". www.satp.org. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
- ↑ "Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB), South Asia Terrorism Portal". www.satp.org. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- ↑
- "315 ultra-left activists surrender to embrace normal life". Dhaka Tribune. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- "700 communist outlaws to surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 2 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- "596 outlaws surrender in Pabna". The Daily Star. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- 1 2 "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-06-13. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- ↑ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- 1 2 "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
- ↑ Hossain, Abu Md. Delwar (2012). "Toaha, Mohammad". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 13 October 2026.
- ↑ "Newsfront". Pakistan Forum. 2 (1): 20–25. 1971. ISSN 0315-7725 – via JSTOR.
- ↑ "Leftist Parties of Bangladesh". Archived from the original on 2015-04-03. Retrieved 2014-02-08.
- ↑ "Two outlaws held, one freed on bail: Arms recovered". The Daily Star. 2011-01-09. Archived from the original on 2021-11-09. Retrieved 2021-11-09.
- ↑ "PBCP". UCDP. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ↑ "Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh (JMJB)". South Asia Terrorism Portal. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
- ↑ Hussain, Ahmede (12 March 2004). "Everything Falls Apart". Star Magazine. The Daily Star. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ↑ "UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program". ucdp.uu.se. Archived from the original on 2022-05-21. Retrieved 2022-06-13.