Hainanese Transliteration Scheme

The Hainanese Transliteration Scheme (Chinese: 海南話拼音方案) is a romanization scheme developed by the Guangdong Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as Guangdong Romanization. The scheme describes the Wenchang dialect spoken in Wenchang, Hainan which is considered to be the prestige dialect of Hainanese. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of Guangdong, until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the Latin alphabet with superscript numbers to represent tone.

System

Letters

This system uses the Latin alphabet, excluding the letters ⟨c⟩, ⟨f⟩, ⟨j⟩, ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩, ⟨r⟩, ⟨t⟩, ⟨w⟩ and ⟨x⟩.^[1]

Initials

Letter^[1]	Example	IPA^[2]
b	波	/ɓ/
p	坡	/f/
m	摩	/m/
v	无	/b/
d	装	/t/
dd	刀	/ɗ/
n	挪	/n/
l	罗	/l/
g	哥	/k/
gh	吳	/g/
ng	俄	/ŋ/
h	可	/h/
hh	号	/ɦ/
z	支	/ts/
s	妻	/s/
y	余	/dz/

Finals

Letter(s)^[1]	Example	IPA^[2]
i	医	i
u	呜	u
a	亚	a
ia	也	ia
ua	换	ua
o	哦	o
io	喲	io
e	下	e
ue	话	ue
ai	哀	ai
uai	坏	uai
oi	鞋	oi
ui	貴	ui
ao	喉	au
iao	妖	iau
ou	烏	ou
iu	柚	iu
am	暗	am
iam	厌	iam
im	⾳	im
an	安	an
uan	弯	uan
in	烟	in
un	温	un
ang	红	aŋ
iang	央	iaŋ
uang	汪	uaŋ
eng	英	eŋ
ong	翁	oŋ
iong	匈	ioŋ
ab	盒	ap
iab	协	iap
ib	邑	iop
ad	遏	at
uad	挖	uat
id	乙	it
ud	核	ut
ag	鹤	ak
iag	菊	iak
uag	廓	uak
eg	益	ok
og	喔	ok
iog	育	iok

Tones

Source:^[1]

Tone class	陰平	陽平	上聲	陰去	陽去	陰入	陰入	陽入
Tone number	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Example	诗 di¹	时 di²	死 di³	四 di⁴	是 di⁵	视 di⁶	失 did⁷	实 did⁸
Tone contour^[2]	˨˦ (24)	˨˩ (21)	˨˩˩ (211)	˧˥ (35)	˧ (33)	˥ (5)	˧ (3)	˥ (55)

References

1 2 3 4 Liang, Yougang 梁猷刚 (1988). Hǎinán yīn zìdiǎn: Pǔtōnghuà duìzhào 海南音字典: 普通话对照 (in Chinese). Guangdong renmin chubanshe. pp. 455–456. ISBN 7-218-00195-5.
1 2 3 "汉字音典 Web 端". mcpdict. Retrieved 3 July 2026.

[yes-1] 1 2 3 4 Liang, Yougang 梁猷刚 (1988). Hǎinán yīn zìdiǎn: Pǔtōnghuà duìzhào 海南音字典: 普通话对照 (in Chinese). Guangdong renmin chubanshe. pp. 455–456. ISBN 7-218-00195-5.

[hi-2] 1 2 3 "汉字音典 Web 端". mcpdict. Retrieved 3 July 2026.

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