Jump to content

China Association for Science and Technology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

China Association for Science and Technology
中国科学技术协会
AbbreviationCAST
FormationSeptember 1958; 68 years ago (1958-09)
TypePeople's organization
HeadquartersHaidian District, Beijing, China
Coordinates39°54′50″N 116°20′20″E / 39.913815°N 116.339026°E / 39.913815; 116.339026
FieldsScience and Technology
Official language
Chinese
English
President
Wan Guangqian
CCP Branch Secretary
He Junke
Vice President
Yang Wei
AffiliationsChinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Websiteenglish.cast.org.cn Edit this at Wikidata
China Association for Science and Technology
Simplified Chinese中国科学技术协会
Traditional Chinese中國科學技術協會
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhōngguó Kēxué Jìshù Xiéhuì

The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) is a people's organization of Chinese scientists and engineers, which is composed of multiple national professional societies and hundreds of branches at various local and international levels.[1][2][3] CAST was formed in September 1958 through the merger of the All-China Federation of Natural Science Societies and the All-China Association for Science Popularization.[2] Its stated goal is to act as a link between the science and technology community and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and government.[2] CAST is a constituent member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).[4][5][6] Wan Gang is the current president of the national committee of CAST.[7] He Junke serves as the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary for CAST.[8]

History

[edit]

In September 1958, the All-China Federation of Natural Science Societies (Chinese: 中华全国自然科学专门学会联合会) and the All-China Association for Science and Technology Popularization (Chinese: 中华全国科学技术普及协会) were merged to establish the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST). The First National Congress of CAST was convened that year.[9]: 77 

CAST's work was largely disrupted by the Cultural Revolution.[9]: 77 

In March 1980, the Second National Congress of CAST resolved to adopt the name China Association for Science and Technology (Chinese: 中国科学技术协会).[10] Its new head was physicist Zhou Peiyuan.[9]: 77 

The China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) is one of the principal non-governmental organizations representing scientific and technological professionals in China.[11] It comprises 189 national-level scientific societies and 32 provincial-level associations, with affiliated organizations collectively representing more than 4.3 million members. CAST and its affiliated organizations participate in more than 240 international non-governmental scientific and technological organizations, and more than 100 Chinese scientists hold positions in the professional bodies of these organizations. CAST describes its role as serving as "a bridge and link between the Chinese Communist Party and the government on the one hand, and scientific and technological workers on the other." Its principal activities include organizing academic exchanges and training, evaluating scientific achievements, conducting professional qualification reviews, recognizing outstanding scientific and technological personnel, and promoting public scientific literacy.[12]

On June 29, 2002, the 28th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress adopted the Law of the People's Republic of China on Popularization of Science and Technology (Chinese: 中华人民共和国科学技术普及法).[13] According to Chinese sources, it is the world's only national legislation that explicitly elevates the popularization of scientific knowledge to the level of a national strategy. The law authorizes the science and technology administrative department of the State Council to formulate nationwide science popularization plans, provide policy guidance, conduct supervision and inspections, and implement tax incentives for science popularization activities in accordance with the law. The China Association for Science and Technology serves as the principal organization responsible for implementing these initiatives.[14]

On August 31, 2020, in accordance with the Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Advancing the Reform to Separate Industry Associations and Chambers of Commerce from Administrative Agencies (Chinese: 关于全面推开行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革的实施意见, Fa Gai Ti Gai [2019] No. 1063) issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, seven industry associations formerly supervised by CAST—including the China Industrial Design Association, the Chinese Mental Health Association, the China Fire Protection Association, the China Fashion Color Association, the China Scientific Exploration Association, the China Association for the Promotion of International Economic and Technical Cooperation, and the China Association for Standardization—were separated from CAST.[15] These organizations were thereafter registered directly in accordance with the law, began operating independently, had their administrative functions removed, and no longer required a supervisory government authority. Direct government appropriations were also discontinued, with future support provided through mechanisms such as government procurement of services.[16]

In terms of its political status, CAST is directly led by the Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party and has a Leading Party Members Group headed by a Secretary of the Leading Party Members Group.[17]

Technology transfer

[edit]

In December 2003, CAST established the Help Our Motherland through Elite Intellectual Resources from Overseas Program (HOME, also known as "Haizhi") in concert with the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.[18] The goal of HOME has been to recruit overseas science and technology talent for technology transfer purposes.[18][19] Since 2014, CAST has established a series of "offshore entrepreneurial bases" in multiple countries that have been described as a "hub-and-spoke model where a base in China incubates and commercializes innovative ideas sourced from a network of offshore innovation centers in foreign countries."[18]

United States

[edit]

In the United States, CAST has maintained relations with the similarly named Chinese Association for Science and Technology (CAST-USA, Chinese: 中国旅美科技协会), a non-profit organization established in 1992 with chapters in multiple U.S. states.[20][6] The China International Culture Exchange Center, a front organization for the Ministry of State Security, has been a long-time working partner with CAST for its exchange programs.[21] CAST-USA also collaborates with the Ministry of Commerce's "offshore innovation bases."[22]

Journal

[edit]

Science & Technology Review was begun in 1980 in the United States and is the official journal of CAST.[23]

Leadership

[edit]

Presidents

[edit]

Secretaries of the Leading Party Members Group

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "China Association for Science and Technology". english.cast.org.cn. Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Gorham, Douglas; Nwulu, Nnamdi (20 January 2020). Engineering Education through Social Innovation: The Contribution of Professional Societies. Springer Nature. p. 53. ISBN 978-3-030-39006-8.
  3. ↑ Hannas, William C.; Mulvenon, James; Puglisi, Anna B. (14 June 2013). Chinese Industrial Espionage: Technology Acquisition and Military Modernisation. Routledge. pp. 45, 97. ISBN 978-1-135-95261-7. OCLC 1081421916.
  4. ↑ Bowe, Alexander; Lloyd-Damnjanovic, Anastasya (7 October 2020). "Overseas Chinese Students and Scholars in China's Drive for Innovation" (PDF). United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  5. ↑ "Units the CPPCC Composed of". english1.english.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  6. 1 2 de La Bruyère, Emily; Picarsic, Nathan (15 November 2021). "All Over the Map: The Chinese Communist Party's Subnational Interests in the United States". Foundation for Defense of Democracies. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  7. ↑ "China Association for Science and Technology President". China Association for Science and Technology. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
  8. ↑ Zhong Yuhao (钟煜豪) (2 August 2021). 中石化董事长、党组书记张玉卓任中国科协党组书记 [Zhang Yuzhuo, Chairman and Party Secretary of Sinopec, appointed Party Secretary of the China Association for Science and Technology]. The Paper (in Chinese). Retrieved 7 August 2021.
  9. 1 2 3 Kennedy, Andrew B. (2026). Rebellious Follower: China's Search for Science, Technology, + Innovation. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/9780197824689.001.0001. ISBN 9780197824658.
  10. ↑ 中华人民共和国行政管理大辞典 [Dictionary of Administrative Management of the People's Republic of China] (in Chinese). People's Daily Press. 1992. p. 536. ISBN 978-7-80002-381-1. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  11. ↑ 中华人民共和国国史全鉴, 1949-1995: juan. 1976-1988 (in Chinese). 团结出版社. 1996. p. 5276. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  12. ↑ 中央国家机关所属事业单位大全 [List of Public Institutions Affiliated to Central Government Agencies] (in Chinese). Economic Science Press. 1992. p. 1321. ISBN 978-7-5058-0460-9. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  13. ↑ 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会公报 [Gazette of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China] (in Chinese). 中国法制出版社. 2002. p. 257. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  14. ↑ "中国科协关于印发《中国科协科普发展规划（2021—2025年）》的通知" [Notice from the China Association for Science and Technology on Issuing the "China Association for Science and Technology Popular Science Development Plan (2021-2025)"]. www.cast.org.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  15. ↑ "国家机关事务管理局" [State Administration of Government Offices]. National Government Offices Administration. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  16. ↑ "关于全面推开行业协会商会与行政机关脱钩改革的实施意见(发改体改〔2019〕1063号)" [Implementation Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Reform of Decoupling Industry Associations and Chambers of Commerce from Administrative Organs (NDRC Reform Document No. 1063 [2019])]. National Development and Reform Commission. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  17. ↑ 中国社团改革: 从政府选择到社会选择 [Reform of Chinese Social Organizations: From Government Choice to Social Choice] (in Chinese). Social Sciences Academic Press. 2001. p. 177. ISBN 978-7-80149-606-5. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  18. 1 2 3 Spear, Andrew (2021), "Serve the Motherland While Working Overseas", in Hannas, William C.; Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (eds.), China's Quest for Foreign Technology (1 ed.), Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, pp. 21–37, doi:10.4324/9781003035084-3, ISBN 978-1-003-03508-4, OCLC 1153338764, S2CID 225404119
  19. ↑ Fedasiuk, Ryan; Weinstein, Emily (July 2020). Overseas Professionals and Technology Transfer to China (Report). Center for Security and Emerging Technology. doi:10.51593/20190038.
  20. ↑ Guo, Yugui (8 October 2013), "The Chinese Intellectual Diasporas", in Meyer, Jean-Baptiste; Barré, Rémi; Hernández, Valeria; Vinck, Dominique (eds.), Diasporas scientifiques, Expertise collégiale, Marseille: IRD Éditions, ISBN 978-2-7099-1770-4, OCLC 1229376435, retrieved 20 November 2021
  21. ↑ "CAST History". usacast.org. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
  22. ↑ Yu, Cheryl (20 December 2024). "Innovation Without Borders: The PRC's Use of Offshore Bases". Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
  23. ↑ "China Association for Science and Technology". english.cast.org.cn. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  24. ↑ 中国现代科学家传记 [Biographies of Modern Chinese Scientists] (in Chinese). Science Press. 1991. p. 303. ISBN 978-7-03-002261-5. Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  25. ↑ "当代中国科学技术总览" [Overview of Contemporary Chinese Science and Technology] (in Chinese). China Science and Technology Press. 1992. ISBN 978-7-5046-0862-8. Retrieved 12 July 2026.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
  26. ↑ "中国科协新一届领导机构产生 王光谦当选主席" [The new leadership of the China Association for Science and Technology has been elected, with Wang Guangqian elected as chairman]. Economic Daily (in Chinese). Retrieved 12 July 2026.
  27. ↑ "中国科协选举产生新一届领导机构 王光谦当选主席" [The China Association for Science and Technology elects a new leadership; Wang Guangqian elected chairman]. China News Service (in Chinese). Retrieved 12 July 2026.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_Association_for_Science_and_Technology&oldid=1371336278"