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Review
. 2025 May;52(5):601-614.
doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.11.010. Epub 2025 Jan 9.

Deciphering the influence of gut and oral microbiomes on menopause for healthy aging

Shuting Yu  1 , Feiling Huang  2 , Yixuan Huang  3 , Fangxu Yan  1 , Yi Li  4 , Shenglong Xu  5 , Yan Zhao  5 , Xinlei Zhang  3 , Rong Chen  6 , Xingming Chen  7 , Peng Zhang  8
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Deciphering the influence of gut and oral microbiomes on menopause for healthy aging

Shuting Yu et al. J Genet Genomics. 2025 May.
Free article

Abstract

Menopause is characterized by the cessation of menstruation and a decline in reproductive function, which is an intrinsic component of the aging process. However, it has been a frequently overlooked field of women's health. The oral and gut microbiota, constituting the largest ecosystem within the human body, are important for maintaining human health and notably contribute to the healthy aging of menopausal women. Therefore, a comprehensive review elucidating the impact of the gut and oral microbiota on menopause for healthy aging is of paramount importance. This paper presents the current understanding of the microbiome during menopause, with a particular focus on alterations in the oral and gut microbiota. Our study elucidates the complex interplay between the microbiome and sex hormone levels, explores microbial crosstalk dynamics, and investigates the associations between the microbiome and diseases linked to menopause. Additionally, this review explores the potential of microbiome-targeting therapies for managing menopause-related diseases. Given that menopause can last for approximately 30 years, gaining insights into how the microbiome and menopause interact could pave the way for innovative interventions, which may result in symptomatic relief from menopause and an increase in quality of life in women.

Keywords: Estrogen; Gut microbiome; Menopause; Microbiome-targeting therapies; Oral microbiome.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest Y.H. and X.Z. were the employees of Beijing ClouDNA Technology Co. Ltd. Other authors declare no competing financial interests.

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