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The coffin-reliquary of the holy Serbian king Stefan of Dečani (fourteenth century): wood, pigments and metal surfaces
The coffin-reliquary for the relics of the holy Serbian king Stefan Uroš III of Dečani has been made around 1343 as a rectangular chest with a gable...
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Century-long recovery of mycorrhizal interactions in European beech forests after mining
Background and aimsEcological restoration strategies are emerging globally to counteract biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. However,...
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Urbanization and genetic homogenization in the medieval Low Countries revealed through a ten-century paleogenomic study of the city of Sint-Truiden
BackgroundProcesses shaping the formation of the present-day population structure in highly urbanized Northern Europe are still poorly understood....
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Microfungal colonisation in some Bratislava-old town historical objects (Slovak Republic). A preliminary study
We conducted a mycological study on selected historical monuments found in the historical centre of Bratislava (Slovakia). These were the Gothic...
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Survival and longevity of European rulers: geographical influences and exploring potential factors, including the Mediterranean diet — a historical analysis from 1354 to the twentieth century
Significant regional variability in lifespan in Europe is influenced by environmental factors and lifestyle behaviors, including diet. This study...
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Genetic legacy and adaptive signatures: investigating the history, diversity, and selection signatures in Rendena cattle resilient to eighteenth century rinderpest epidemics
BackgroundRendena is a dual-purpose cattle breed, which is primarily found in the Italian Alps and the eastern areas of the Po valley, and recognized...
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Global phylodynamics of two relevant aphid-transmitted viruses in cucurbit crops: cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus and watermelon mosaic virus
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) are major plant pathogens that cause severe epidemics in cucurbit crops....
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Identification of keystone taxa shaping biocrust formation and biodeterioration of limestone monuments in the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty
The limestone monuments of the Rectangular Tower in the Xiaoling Tomb of the Ming Dynasty, created in the mid-fourteenth century, are...
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A palaeoecology of upland transhumance sites: a long view on the timing, economy and environmental impact of seasonal settlement sites in the Mourne Mountains, Northern Ireland
ContextArchaeological and historical evidence attest that transhumance was commonplace across Ireland during the last millennium. This largely...
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Medieval genomes from eastern Iberia illuminate the role of Morisco mass deportations in dismantling a long-standing genetic bridge with North Africa
BackgroundThe Islamic influence on the Iberian Peninsula left an enduring cultural and linguistic legacy. However, the demographic impact is less...
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Introduction and History of Industrial Microbiology
Microorganisms are very important for human kind. They are utilized in the formation of many beneficial secondary metabolites. This chapter deals...
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The Decline of Paget’s Disease of Bone and Domestic Coal Use—A Hypothesis
The cause of Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is unknown. It emerged as a distinct entity in Britain in the late nineteenth century when it was...
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Spice in European Farmhouse Brewing
Throughout Northern Europe, farmers brewed beer from their own grain according to local traditions for millennia, although the tradition has greatly...
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Taro (Colocasia esculenta) in Europe: a journey through fields, botanical gardens, ditches and city markets
Taro (Colocasia esculenta(L.) Schott) is an aroid species originally domesticated in mainland Southeast Asia and currently widely cultivated as a...
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Introduction to the Flora and Vegetation of the Teide National Park
This chapter provides a brief introduction to the origin of the island of Tenerife as a result of volcanic eruptions arising from the depths of the...
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Darwin Reappraised: The Past Is Prologue
In a 1675 letter to his arch-rival Robert Hooke, Issac Newton famously remarked: “If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of...
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Insights into infectious diseases through ancient pathogen genomics
Major advances in metagenomic and biomolecular techniques have opened avenues for the recovery and sequencing of rare and highly fragmented DNA...
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Utility of Plants for Humans: The Herbalists
After the instability of the Middle Ages and the relative lack of innovation regarding human progress, time had come for change. With the influences...
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Enemies Within? Our Own Enzymes Assist Viruses in Infecting Us
Description of how small viruses are, and how infectious they can be. Viruses have one or more special surface proteins with which they attach to...
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Collard Greens (Brassica oleracea var. viridis) in the Moroccan Oasis
Collards (Brassica oleracea var. viridis) are a widely grown, and highly valued, traditional vegetable in the date palm oases of the Draa and Ziz...
