Intaai wowonod montok do Boros Turki

{{Short description|Turkic language of the Turkish people}}
{{About|the Turkish language|the language family it belongs to|Turkic languages}}{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox language
| name             = Boros Turki
| nativename       = {{lang|tr|Türkçe}} (noun, adverb) <br/> {{lang|tr|Türk dili}} (noun)
| pronunciation    = {{lang|tr|Türkçe}} {{IPA|tr|ˈtyɾctʃe||Turkce.ogg}} <br/> {{lang|tr|Türk dili}} {{IPA|tr|ˈtyɾc ˈdili|}}
| states           = {{Plainlist|
* [[Turkey]] (official) 
* [[Northern Cyprus]] (official)
* [[Cyprus]] (official)
* [[Azerbaijan]] 
* [[Iraq]] 
* [[Syria]] 
* [[Lebanon]] 
* [[Iran]]
* [[Greece]] 
* [[Bulgaria]] 
* [[Romania]]
* [[Kosovo]] 
* [[North Macedonia]] 
* [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
}}
| region           = {{Plainlist|
* [[Anatolia]] 
* [[Balkans]]
* [[Cyprus#Geography|Cyprus]]
* [[Mesopotamia]] 
* [[Levant]]
* [[Asia]]
* [[Transcaucasia]]
}}
| ethnicity        = [[Turkish people|Turks]]
| speakers         = [[First language|L1]]: {{sigfig|84.077680|2}} million
| date             = 2006
| ref              = e27
| speakers2        = [[Second language|L2]]: {{sigfig|6.017500|2}} million (2019)<ref name=e27/>
<br>Total: {{sigfig|90.095180|2}} million<ref name=e27/>
| speakers_label   = Speakers
| familycolor      = Altaic
| fam1             = [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
| fam2             = [[Common Turkic languages|Common Turkic]]
| fam3             = [[Oghuz languages|Oghuz]]
| fam4             = Western Oghuz
| ancestor         = [[Old Anatolian Turkish]]
| ancestor2        = [[Ottoman Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]]
| stand1           = Istanbul Turkish
| dia1             = [[Cypriot Turkish]]
| dia2             = [[Iraqi Turkmen#Language|Iraqi Turkmen]]
| dia3             = [[Karamanli Turkish]]
| dia4             = [[Meskhetian Turks#Language|Meskhetian Turkish]]<ref>{{citation|last=Karcı|first=Durmuş|year=2018|title=The Effects of Language Characters and Identity of Meskhetian Turkish in Kazakhstan|journal=Kesit Akademi Dergisi|volume=4|issue=13}}</ref>
| dia5             = [[Rumelian Turkish]]
| dia6             = [[Turkish dialects#Syrian Turkmen dialect|Syrian Turkish]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Behnstedt |first=Peter |year=2008 |chapter=Syria |title=Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics |editor1-last=Versteegh |editor1-first=Kees |editor2-last=Eid |editor2-first=Mushira |editor3-last=Elgibali |editor3-first=Alaa |editor4-last=Woidich |editor4-first=Manfred |editor5-last=Zaborski |editor5-first=Andrzej |volume=4|page=402|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |isbn=978-90-04-14476-7}}</ref>
| script           = [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[Turkish alphabet]])<br />[[Turkish Braille]]
| nation           = [[Cyprus]]<br />[[Northern Cyprus]]<br />[[Turkey]]
| minority         = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]<ref>{{citation|year=2010|chapter=Bosnia and Herzegovina|title=The European Charter for Regional Or Minority Languages: Collected Texts|pages=107–108|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|isbn=9789287166715}}</ref> <br/>[[Croatia]]<ref>{{citation|year=2012|chapter=The Croatian Language in the European Information Society|title=The Croatian Language in the Digital Age|editor1-last=Rehm|editor1-first=Georg|editor2-last=Uszkoreit|editor2-first=Hans|page=51|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=9783642308826}}</ref><ref name="Franceschini546">{{cite book|last=Franceschini|first=Rita|chapter=Italy and the Italian-Speaking Regions|editor-last=Fäcke|editor-first=Christiane|title=Manual of Language Acquisition|year=2014|quote=In Croatia, Albanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Czech, German, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Macedonian, Polish, Romanian, Romany, Rusyn, Russian, Montenegrin, Slovak, Slovenian, Serbian, Turkish, and Ukrainian are recognized (EACEA 2012, 18, 50s)|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH|isbn=9783110394146|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zM_mBQAAQBAJ&q=Croatia+Albanian&pg=PA1|pages=546|access-date=2021-08-25|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115123306/https://books.google.com/books?id=zM_mBQAAQBAJ&q=Croatia+Albanian&pg=PA1|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>[[Greece]]<ref>{{citation |last1=Trudgill|first1=Peter|last2=Schreier|first2=Daniel|year=2006|chapter=Greece and Cyprus / Griechenland und Zypern|title=Sociolinguistics / Soziolinguistik|editor-last=Ulrich|editor-first=Ammon|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=3110199874|page=1886}}</ref><br/>[[Iraq]]{{efn|Turkish language is official in [[Kirkuk Governorate]], [[Kifri District, Diyala Governorate|Kifri]] and [[Tooz District|Tuz Khurmatu]] districts.<ref name=guclu>{{cite journal|url=https://www.meforum.org/1074/who-owns-kirkuk-the-turkoman-case|title=Who Owns Kirkuk? The Turkoman Case|last=Güçlü|first=Yücel|journal=Middle East Quarterly|year=2007|pages=79–86|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910081912/https://www.meforum.org/1074/who-owns-kirkuk-the-turkoman-case |archive-date=2019-09-10|quote=Article 1 of the declaration stipulated that no law, regulation, or official action could interfere with the rights outlined for the minorities. Michael Scott is the regional manager of Finder Mifflin Scranton. Although Arabic became the official language of Iraq, Kurdish became a corollary official language in Sulaimaniya, and both Kurdish and Turkish became official languages in Kirkuk and Kifri.}}</ref> In addition, it is an official language in the administrative units in which they constitute density of population.}}<ref name=Johanson2021/><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/amp/dunya/turkmenler-turkce-tabelalardan-memnun-1032324 | title=Türkmenler, Türkçe tabelalardan memnun – Son Dakika | date=24 December 2008 | access-date=2019-11-30 | archive-date=2020-07-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709191206/https://www.milliyet.com.tr/amp/dunya/turkmenler-turkce-tabelalardan-memnun-1032324 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Constitution of Iraq |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iraq_2005date=2024-05-15 }}</ref><br/>[[Kosovo]]{{efn|Turkish language is currently official in [[Gjilan]], [[Mamusha]], [[Mitrovica, Kosovo|Mitrovica]], [[Prizren]] and [[Vushtrri]] municipalities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Municipal language compliance in Kosovo|url=https://www.osce.org/kosovo/120010?download=true|publisher=OSCE Minsk Group|quote=Turkish language is currently official in Prizren and Mamuşa/Mamushë/Mamuša municipalities. In 2007 and 2008, the municipalities of Gjilan/Gnjilane, southern Mitrovicë/Mitrovica, Prishtinë/Priština and Vushtrri/Vučitrn also recognized Turkish as a language in official use.|access-date=2019-11-30|archive-date=2021-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305035807/http://www.osce.org/kosovo/120010?download=true|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<ref name=Johanson2021>{{citation|author=[[Lars Johanson|Johanson, Lars]]|year=2021|title=Turkic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=huk9EAAAQBAJ&q=Turkish+is+the+largest+and+most+vigorous+Turkic+language%2C+spoken+by+over+80+million+people&pg=PT134|quote=Turkish is the largest and most vigorous Turkic language, spoken by over 80 million people, a third of the total number of Turkic-speakers... Turkish is a recognized regional minority language in North Macedonia, Kosovo, Romania, and Iraq.|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=9781009038218|access-date=2021-09-07|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115123307/https://books.google.com/books?id=huk9EAAAQBAJ&q=Turkish+is+the+largest+and+most+vigorous+Turkic+language%2C+spoken+by+over+80+million+people&pg=PT134|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>[[North Macedonia]]{{efn|Turkish language is currently official in [[Centar Župa Municipality|Centar Zupa]] and [[Plasnica Municipality]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://beinmacedonia.com/languages-spoken-in-macedonia-2/|title=Languages spoken in Macedonia – North Macedonia|url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127001049/http://beinmacedonia.com/languages-spoken-in-macedonia-2/ |archive-date=2022-01-27|quote=Turkish is co-official in Centar Zupa and Plasnica}}</ref>}}<ref name=Johanson2021/><br/>[[Romania]]<ref name=Johanson2021/><ref>{{citation|year=2010|chapter=Romania|title=The European Charter for Regional Or Minority Languages: Collected Texts|pages=135–136|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|isbn=9789287166715}}</ref>
| iso1             = tr
| iso2             = tur
| iso3             = tur
| lingua           = part of [[Oghuz languages|44-AAB-a]]
| map              = Map of Turkish Language.svg
| mapcaption       = {{legend|#004DFF|Countries where Turkish is an official language}}
{{legend|#88C4FF|Countries where Turkish is recognised as a minority language}}
{{legend|#AFEEEE|Countries where Turkish is recognised as a minority language and co-official in at least one municipality}}
| notice           = IPA
| glotto           = nucl1301
| glottorefname    = Turkish
| agency           = [[Turkish Language Association]]
}}
'''Boros Turki''' (''Türkçe'') nopo nga iso mantad ogumu boros id sahau do [[Turkik]] i gunoon poinsandad id [[Turki]], [[Cyprus]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Yunani]] om pogun-pogun suai i nokoumbal nokosuang id pomorintaan do [[Empayar Uthmaniyah]], om nogi piipiro riong emigran id suang [[Koisa'an Eropah]]. AU oilaan kopio ginumu moomomoros sandad do boros diti tu okuri data kokomoi boros minoriti mantad Turki. umanud rajah mantad 60 riong i gunoon do hiti, Turki nopo nga boros tina kumaai 80% populasi Turkish, miampai [[bahasa Kurdi|Boros Kurdi]] sabaagi i bobos ogumu. Sundung do ingkaa, majoriti nopo mantad minoriti linguistik id Turki nga dwibahasa, momoguno Turki sabaagi boros koduo.

== Pomboogian ==
Boros Turki kohompit id sa'au do paganakan boros Turkik, lobi-lobi po id sub-tinimungan [[Boros Oghuz]]. Maya koilaan sandad, Boros Turki kiwaa korotian di akawas miampai do boros-boros suai id sub-tinimungan boros Oghuz miagal ko boros Azerbaijan, [[Turkmen]] om [[Gagauz]]<ref name="ucla">{{cite web|publisher=[[UCLA]] International Institute, Center for World Languages|url=http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=67&menu=004|title=Language Materials Project: Turkish|accessdate=|date=Februari 2007|language=en|archive-date=2007-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011180149/http://lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?menu=004&LangID=67|url-status=dead}}</ref>. 40% mantad momoros boros Turkik nopo nga momoguno so boros Turki<ref name="katzner">{{Cite book|title=Languages of the World|last=Katzner|first=Kenneth|date=2002|publisher=Routledge|year=|isbn=978-0-415-25004-7|edition=ketiga|location=|pages=}}</ref> .

Boros-boros Turkik nogi nga nokoumbal nikalas id siriba do boros-boros Altaik, nga baino, tinimungan boros diti au no di torimoon.

== Sajara ==
Boros-boros Oghuz, kohompit no oo boros Turki nopo nga boros di noigitan do tulun-tulun mantad Empayar Saljuk om Turki Oghuz id Anatolia maso abad ko-11<ref>{{cite book|title=The Turks in World History|last=Findley|first=Carter V.|date=Oktober 2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=|isbn=0-19-517726-6|location=|pages=|language=en}}</ref> . Koinlaaban do agama silam miampai kohimaganan boros Turki id Empayar Saljuk om Kekhanan Kara-Khanid minaganu do borosmantad boros Arab om boros Parsi sabaagi boros noolos.

Maso Zaman Empayar Uthmaniyah, duo kawo boros Turki nokoimbulai, iri no tu boros Turki montok tinimungan sawat om sastera, ii ointutunan sabaagai boros Turki Utmaniyah om nogi haro boros Turki montok tulun ginumuan iri no tu ''kaba Türkçe ("bahasa Turki kasar").'' Boros Turki sawat, kiwaa tinimungan hogot toi koi komoiboros di narahung do boros Arab om Parsi gisom au orotian do tinimungan siriba. ''Kaba Türkçe'' nopo nga kiwaa komoiboros di naanu mantad boros sandad do boros Turki om nosili sabaagi impohon do komoiboros boros Turki Moden<ref>{{cite book|title=The Balkans: Nationalism, War, and the Great Powers, 1804-1999|last=Glenny|first=Misha|date=2001|publisher=Penguin|year=|isbn=|location=New York|pages=99|language=en|ref=harv|author-link=Misha Glenny}}</ref>.

== Fonem ==

=== Konsonan ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Fonem konsonan boros Turki baku'''
!
! colspan="2" |duo munung
! colspan="2" |Nipo
! colspan="2" |Ngonsis
! colspan="2" |Likud ngonsis
! colspan="2" |ka'ad
! colspan="2" |Velar
! colspan="2" |Glotis
|- align="center"
!Sengauan
| colspan="2" |m
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |n
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|- align="center"
!Letupan
|p
|b
|t̪
|d̪
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|(c)
|(ɟ)
|k
|ɡ
| colspan="2" |
|- align="center"
!Letusan
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|t͡ʃ
|d͡ʒ
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|- align="center"
!Geseran
|f
| rowspan="2" |v
| colspan="2" |
|s
|z
|ʃ
|ʒ
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |h
|- align="center"
!Aproksiman
|
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |(ɫ)
| colspan="2" |l
| colspan="2" |j
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|- align="center"
!Tamparan
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |ɾ
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
| colspan="2" |
|}

=== Vokal ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+Fonem vokal boros Turki baku[5][6]
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Doros
! colspan="2" |Likud
|-
!au obulugu
!obulugu
!au obulugu
!obulugu
|-
!okikip
|i
|y
|ɯ
|u
|-
!ala'ab
|ɛ
|œ
|a
|o
|}

== Sukuon ==
{{reflist}}

== Basaan tumilombus ==

* (Turki) Karahan, Leylâ (1996). ''Anadolu Ağızlarının Sınıflandırılması''. Türk Dil Kurumu.
* (Inggeris) Brendemoen, B. (1996). "Conference on Turkish in Contact, Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study (NIAS) in the Humanities and Social Sciences, Wassenaar, 5–6 February 1996". Phonological Aspects of Greek-Turkish Language Contact in Trabzon.

== Noputan labus ==

* Kategori berkenaan Bahasa Turki di Wikimedia Commons
[[Kategori:Turki]]